Table 1.
Descriptive statistics and socioeconomic characteristics of the sample by income quintile
| Year | Income quintile | Number of respondents | Per capita household expenditure* (95% CI)† | Outpatient subsidy | Sought medical care | |||
| Village clinic (%) | Township health centre (%) | County hospital (%) | Total (%) | |||||
| 2010 | 1—poorest | 215 | 777.95 (719.80 to 836.09) | 580.26 (495.90 to 664.61) | 50.00 | 32.14 | 17.86 | 100 |
| 2 | 212 | 1797.30 (1706.65 to 1887.95) | 545.52 (463.58 to 627.46) | 47.83 | 27.83 | 24.35 | 100 | |
| 3 | 223 | 3078.00 (2899.56 to 3256.44) | 658.43 (573.70 to 743.17) | 40.16 | 23.77 | 36.07 | 100 | |
| 4 | 206 | 4491.63 (4192.56 to 4790.69) | 538.85 (463.55 to 614.16) | 49.54 | 19.27 | 31.19 | 100 | |
| 5—richest | 214 | 8949.05 (8106.18 to 9791.92) | 524.51 (455.58 to 593.44) | 40.37 | 28.44 | 31.19 | 100 | |
| Total | 1070 | 3808.46 (3558.59 to 4058.33) | 570.57 (535.14 to 606.00) | 45.50 | 26.28 | 28.22 | 100 | |
| 2013 | 1—poorest | 175 | 578.21 (525.78 to 630.64) | 1610.08 (1049.05 to 2171.11) | 76.92 | 15.98 | 7.10 | 100 |
| 2 | 187 | 1486.15 (1381.76 to 1590.55) | 1192.03 (927.12 to 1456.94) | 67.96 | 20.44 | 11.60 | 100 | |
| 3 | 184 | 2514.07 (2315.42 to 2712.73) | 1204.29 (880.07 to 1528.51) | 67.80 | 19.21 | 12.99 | 100 | |
| 4 | 174 | 3524.20 (3275.90 to 3772.50) | 907.43 (672.12 to 1142.73) | 80.24 | 11.38 | 8.38 | 100 | |
| 5—richest | 187 | 7917.07 (7174.00 to 8660.13) | 1013.46 (786.24 to 1240.69) | 67.96 | 17.68 | 14.36 | 100 | |
| Total | 907 | 3236.37 (3000.32 to 3472.43) | 1183.29 (1031.45 to 1335.14) | 72.00 | 17.03 | 10.97 | 100 | |
Data source: author’s calculations from household survey.
*All expenditures and outpatient subsidies are presented in 2013’s real prices in Chinese Yuan (¥).
†95% CIs are reported in parentheses.