Table 2.

Interventions in primary care in the management of adult obesity involving the general practitioner (over seven pages)

Author	Multiple21 22	Multiple23–29	Bolognesi et al30	Bodenlos31	Kerr et al32	Multiple33–35	Multiple36–39	Multiple16 40–46	Tsai et al47	Banerjee et al48	Blonstein et al49	Barnes et al50
Name of intervention	Meal replacements in weight	Counterweight	PACE	NA	NA	Be Fit Be Well	POWER	POWER-UP	NA	NA	NA	NA
Number of papers	2	7	1	1	1	3	4	8	1	1	1	1
Country	USA	UK/Scotland	Italy	USA	USA	USA	USA	USA	USA	USA	USA	USA
Year	2001	2004–2012	2006	2007	2008	2009–2013	2009–2015	2009–2015	2010	2013	2013	2015
Design	RCT	Cohort/single arm	RCT	RCT	RCT	RCT	RCT/cohort	RCT	RCT	RCT	Single-arm trial	Single-arm trial
Diagnosis		X	X				X	X	X		X	X
Recruitment into the trial	X	X					X	X	X		X
Coordination						X	X	X			X
Weight and height		X	X						X
Waist circumference			X
System level/implementation
Doctor–patient relationship			X	X			X
Public health role
Prevention
Nutrition education	X			X				X	X
Physical activity education	X		X	X				X	X
Behaviour modification	X		X	X
Counselling/psychology			X
Role modelling
Group-based interventions				90
Medications								X
Bariatric surgery referral
Bariatric surgery work-up
Bariatric surgery after care
Commercial weight loss programme referral
Bariatric equipment in consultation room
Standard care undefined
Standard care was used			X		X	X	X	X		X
Exact role uncertain										X
Person-centredness			X	X
Whole person care			X	X			X	X

Author	Booth et al51	Bordowitz et al52	Bowerman et al53	Clark et al54 55	Coupar et al56	Cutler et al57	Doering et al58	Dutton et al59	Eichler et al60
Name of intervention	NA	NA	NA	Primary care weight management program	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Number of papers	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	1	1
Country	Australia	USA	USA	USA	Scotland	New Zealand	USA	USA	Switzerland
Year	2006	2007	2001	2008–2010	1980	2010	2013	2015	2007
Design	Single-arm trial	Cross sectional	Single-arm trial	Single-arm trial	Single-arm trial	Single-arm trial	Single-arm trial	Single-arm trial	Single-arm trial
Diagnosis	X	X	X	X	X			X	X
Recruitment into the trial		X	X	X	X	X		X	X
Coordination		X	X		X
Weight and height	X		X		X				X
Waist circumference	X
System level/implementation
Doctor–patient relationship									X
Public health role
Prevention	X
Nutrition education	X	X			X				X
Physical activity education	X	X
Behaviour modification	X	X							X
Counselling/psychology		X							X
Role modelling					X
Group-based interventions					X				X
Medications			X
Bariatric surgery referral
Bariatric surgery work-up
Bariatric surgery after care
Commercial weight loss programme referral
Bariatric equipment in consultation room
Standard care undefined
Standard care was used
Exact role uncertain
Person-centredness	X
Whole person care	X	X

Author	Ely et al61	Feigenbaum et al62	Kanke et al63	Multiple64–66	Huerta et al67	Garies et al68	Gusi et al69	Haas et al70	Multiple71–73	Hauner et al74	Hoke and Franks 75
Name of intervention	NA	NA	NA	Commercial weight loss referral	NA	NA	NA	NA	Lighten-Up	NA	NA
Number of papers	1	1	1	3	1	1	1	1	3	1	1
Country	USA	Israel	Japan	UK/Australia/ Germany	USA	Canada	Spain	USA	UK	Germany	USA
Year	2008	2005	2015	2011–2014	2004	2015	2008	2012	2010–2012	2004	2002
Design	RCT	Two-arm trial, non-randomised	RCT	RCT	Cohort	Cohort	RCT	Cohort	RCT	RCT	Single-arm trial
Diagnosis	X			X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
Recruitment into the trial	X	X		X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
Coordination	X	X			X
Weight and height	X	X		X	X	X	X	X		X
Waist circumference				X						X
System level/implementation
Doctor–patient relationship	X		X			X
Public health role
Prevention
Nutrition education		X	X	X		X		X
Physical activity education			X	X		X		X
Behaviour modification		X						X
Counselling/psychology								X
Role modelling
Group-based interventions
Medications		X								X
Bariatric surgery referral
Bariatric surgery work-up
Bariatric surgery after care
Commercial weight loss programme referral				X
Bariatric equipment in consultation room
Standard care undefined
Standard care was used	X		X	X			X
Exact role uncertain
Person-centredness
Whole person care			X

Author	Kumanyika et al76 77	Kuppersmith and Miles78	Laing et al79	Lewis et al80	Logue et al81 82	Logue et al83	Lowe et al84	Madigan et al85	Martin et al86 87	McDoniel et al88 89	Mehring et al90
Name of intervention	Think Health	NA	NA	NA	Transtheoretical Model-Chronic Disease Care for Obesity in Primary Care	NA	NA	NA	A Primary Care Weight Management Intervention for Low-Income African-American Women	The SMART motivational trial	NA
Number of papers	2	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	2	2	1
Country	USA	USA	USA	UK	USA	USA	USA	UK	USA	USA	Germany
Year	2011–2012	2006	2014	2013	2000–2005	2012	2014	2014	2006–2008	2009–2010	2013
Design	RCT	Single-arm trial	RCT	RCT	RCT	RCT	RCT	RCT	RCT	Single-arm trial	RCT
Diagnosis	X				X		X	X		X	X
Recruitment into the trial	X				X	X	X	X	X	X	X
Coordination		X			X					X	X
Weight and height									X	X	X
Waist circumference											X
System level/implementation
Doctor–patient relationship									X	X	X
Public health role
Prevention
Nutrition education	X	X							X
Physical activity education	X								X
Behaviour modification	X								X		X
Counselling/psychology	X								X		X
Role modelling
Group-based interventions
Medications		X
Bariatric surgery referral		X
Bariatric surgery work-up
Bariatric surgery after care
Commercial weight loss programme referral				X
Bariatric equipment in consultation room
Standard care undefined		X	X						X		X
Standard care was used		X	X					X	X		X
Exact role uncertain
Person-centredness					X				X		X
Whole person care		X			X				X		X

Author	Munsch et al91	O’Grady et al92	Olsen et al93	Pellegrini et al94	Richman et al95	Ross et al96 97	Rutten et al98	Saris et al99	Stephens et al100	Multiple101–105	Thomas et al106	Toth-Capelli et al107
Name of intervention	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	PROACTIVE	NA	NA	NA	Groningen Overweight	NA	NA
Number of papers	1	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	5	1	1
Country	Switzerland	USA	Denmark	USA	Australia	Canada	Netherlands	Netherlands	USA	Netherlands	USA	USA
Year	2003	2013	2005	2014	1996	2009–2012	2014	1992	2008	2009–2012	2015	2013
Design	RCT	Clinical audit	Cost-effectiveness	RCT	Case–control	RCT	Cohort	Single-arm trial	Cohort	Single-arm trial, RCT	RCT	Single-arm trial
Diagnosis			X		X	X	X	X			X	X
Recruitment into the trial			X		X	X	X	X			X	X
Coordination	X				X			X			X
Weight and height	X	X	X		X			X			X
Waist circumference			X		X
System level/implementation
Doctor–patient relationship					X						X
Public health role
Prevention
Nutrition education	X		X		X
Physical activity education	X				X
Behaviour modification	X				X
Counselling/psychology	X
Role modelling
Group-based interventions	X
Medications
Bariatric surgery referral
Bariatric surgery work-up
Bariatric surgery after care
Commercial weight loss programme referral
Bariatric equipment in consultation room
Standard care undefined	X	X				X			X	X
Standard care used	X	X				X			X	X
Exact role uncertain				X
Person-centredness					X
Whole person care		X			X						X

Author	Tsai et al108	Wadden et al109	Wilson et al110	Wirth111	Yardley et al112	Tsai et al113	Ryan et al114	Baillargeon et al115	Baillargeon et al116	Katz et al117	Buclin-Thiébaud et al118	Feuerstein et al119
Name of intervention	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Number of papers	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Country	USA	USA	USA	Germany	UK	USA	USA	Canada	Canada	Israel	Switzerland	USA
Year	2012	2005	2010	2005	2014	2015	2010	2007	2014	2005	2010	2015
Design	Cost-effectiveness	RCT	Non-randomised two-arm trial	Single-arm trial	RCT	RCT	RCT	Action research (protocol)	RCT (protocol)	Educational intervention	Single-arm trial	Single-arm trial
Diagnosis			X	X			X			X		X
Recruitment into the trial		X	X	X			X
Coordination			X	X			X		X	X
Weight and height			X	X			X		X			X
Waist circumference							X		X
System level/implementation
Doctor–patient relationship
Public health role
Prevention
Nutrition education				X			X		X	X		X
Physical activity education				X					X	X
Behaviour modification				X					X	X
Counselling/psychology
Role modelling
Group-based interventions				X
Medications				X			X			X
Bariatric surgery referral										X
Bariatric surgery work-up
Bariatric surgery after care
Commercial weight loss programme referral
Bariatric equipment in consultation room
Standard care undefined			X		X
Standard care was used			X		X		X
Exact role uncertain								X			X
Person-centredness
Whole person care				X					X			X

Author	Hartman et al120	Lin et al121	Moore et al122	Rodondi et al123	Rueda-Clausen et al124	Schuster et al125	Yank et al126	Goodyear-Smith et al127	Jay et al128	Wadden et al129
Name of intervention	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Number of papers	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Country	USA	USA	UK	Switzerland	Canada	USA	USA	New Zealand	USA	USA
Year	2014	2015	2003	2006	2014	2008	2013	2014	2013	1997
Design	RCT (protocol)	RCT	RCT	Cohort study	Single-arm trial	Single-arm trial	RCT	RCT	RCT	RCT
Diagnosis	X		X	X		X		X	X	X
Recruitment into the trial	X							X		X
Coordination	X				X	X			X
Weight and height	X			X		X		X	X
Waist circumference	X
System level/implementation						X
Doctor–patient relationship				X	X
Public health role						X
Prevention
Nutrition education			X	X		X			X
Physical activity education			X	X		X			X
Behaviour modification			X	X		X			X
Counselling/psychology
Role modelling
Group-based interventions
Medications
Bariatric surgery referral
Bariatric surgery work-up
Bariatric surgery after care
Commercial weight loss programme referral
Bariatric equipment in consultation room
Standard care undefined			X		X		X	X
Standard care was used			X		X		X	X
Exact role uncertain			X		X
Person-centredness
Whole person care

NA, not applicable; RCT, randomised controlled trial.