Table 3.
Multivariate logistic regression models between service-seeking and specific symptoms
| Buying medicine from shops (n1=1484, n2=445) | Taking leftover medicine (n1=1668, n2=257) | Seeking help from clinics (n1=857, n2=1078) | Getting antibiotics at clinics (n1=117, n2=692) | Getting antibiotics at shops (n1=103, n2=313) | ||||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Gender | 1.085 | 0.840 to 1.400 | 2.016 | 1.411 to 2.881 | 0.819 | 0.653 to 1.027 | 0.952 | 0.592 to 1.532 | 0.863 | 0.497 to 1.498 |
| Age | 0.984 | 0.873 to 1.109 | 0.866 | 0.742 to 1.011 | 1.104 | 0.993 to 1.227 | 0.887 | 0.704 to 1.118 | 1.022 | 0.789 to 1.324 |
| Education | 1.23 | 1.068 to 1.417 | 1.283 | 1.073 to 1.535 | 0.79 | 0.697 to 0.896 | 0.849 | 0.646 to 1.114 | 1.133 | 0.842 to 1.523 |
| Sore throat | 1.016 | 0.810 to 1.275 | 1.303 | 0.971 to 1.748 | 1.355 | 1.109 to 1.654 | 2.05 | 1.337 to 3.143 | 1.604 | 0.990 to 2.599 |
| Rhinorrhoea without pus | 0.838 | 0.669 to 1.051 | 1.057 | 0.791 to 1.411 | 1.045 | 0.856 to 1.276 | 1.25 | 0.816 to 1.915 | 0.792 | 0.486 to 1.290 |
| Rhinorrhoea with pus | 0.96 | 0.714 to 1.292 | 0.78 | 0.531 to 1.145 | 1.045 | 0.804 to 1.359 | 1.013 | 0.566 to 1.813 | 1.796 | 0.869 to 3.711 |
| Dry cough | 1.452 | 1.124 to 1.875 | 0.809 | 0.587 to 1.114 | 1.492 | 1.198 to 1.859 | 1.318 | 0.812 to 2.140 | 1.328 | 0.777 to 2.269 |
| Productive cough | 1.026 | 0.798 to 1.318 | 1.28 | 0.926 to 1.770 | 1.115 | 0.891 to 1.395 | 0.907 | 0.561 to 1.466 | 1.971 | 1.125 to 3.453 |
| Shortness of breath | 0.782 | 0.571 to 1.071 | 0.695 | 0.458 to 1.054 | 1.707 | 1.287 to 2.265 | 0.927 | 0.533 to 1.613 | 1.049 | 0.488 to 2.255 |
| Earache/tinnitus | 1.421 | 0.979 to 2.063 | 1.305 | 0.825 to 2.063 | 0.757 | 0.535 to 1.072 | 4.884 | 1.162 to 20.522 | 1.489 | 0.608 to 3.648 |
| Headache general discomfort | 1.102 | 0.875 to 1.389 | 1.581 | 1.169 to 2.138 | 1.178 | 0.962 to 1.443 | 1.184 | 0.765 to 1.831 | 1.026 | 0.623 to 1.690 |
| Fever | 0.778 | 0.583 to 1.037 | 1.223 | 0.866 to 1.725 | 2.142 | 1.654 to 2.775 | 1.33 | 0.791 to 2.236 | 1.74 | 0.833 to 3.633 |
n1 and n2 stand for the number of no and yes response, respectively, to each service use behaviour; for each service use behaviour, no (n1) was coded as 0 and yes (n2) as 1. Gender: 1=male, 2=female; age group: 1 ≤40 years, 2=41–50 years, 3=51–60 years, 4 ≥61 years; education: 1=0 years, 2=1–6 years, 3=7–9 years, 4 ≥10 years; symptoms: no=0 and yes=1. Medicines comprise all kinds of drugs used for treating illnesses, and antibiotics are one kind of medicines.
Bold P value, below the significant level of 0.05.