Table 2.

Characteristics associated with any IA

	Study population,	Any IA (N = 703)			IAA (N = 272)			GADA (N = 299)
	N	N (%)	HR (95% CI)	P value	N (%)	HR (95% CI)	P value	N (%)	HR (95% CI)	P value
Country
Finland	1,654	180 (25.6)	1.40 (1.15, 1.71)	<0.001	89 (32.7)	2.28 (1.67, 3.11)	<0.001	110 (36.8)	1.00 (0.72, 1.39)	0.999
Germany	510	54 (7.7)	1.30 (0.96, 1.76)	0.092	20 (7.4)	1.36 (0.82, 2.25)	0.234	60 (20.1)	0.82 (0.47, 1.42)	0.471
Sweden	2,283	240 (34.1)	1.30 (1.08, 1.56)	0.005	83 (30.5)	1.38 (1.02, 1.89)	0.039	15 (5.0)	1.25 (0.96, 1.62)	0.103
U.S.	3,116	229 (32.6)	1		80 (29.4)	1		114 (38.1)	1
High-risk HLA genotype (DR3/4)
Yes	2,956	344 (48.9)	1.61 (1.38, 1.88)	<0.001	128 (47.1)	1.54 (1.21, 1.96)	<0.001	150 (50.2)	1.65 (1.31, 2.07)	<0.001
No	4,607	359 (51.1)	1		144 (52.9)	1		149 (49.8)	1
FDR with T1D
Yes	857	136 (19.4)	1.99 (1.64, 2.43)	<0.001	58 (21.3)	2.32 (1.71, 3.15)	<0.001	52 (17.4)	1.85 (1.36, 2.53)	<0.001
No	6,706	567 (80.6)	1		214 (78.7)	1		247 (82.6)	1
Sex of the child
Female	3,698	322 (45.8)	0.87 (0.75, 1.00)	0.056	152 (44.1)	0.81 (0.64, 1.03)	0.079	144 (48.2)	0.95 (0.76, 1.19)	0.661
Male	3,865	381 (54.2)	1		120 (55.9)	1		155 (51.8)	1
Probiotics, age at first exposure
<28 days	538	41 (5.8)	0.70 (0.50, 0.97)	0.022	15 (5.5)	0.53 (0.31, 0.91)	0.021	15 (5.0)	0.72 (0.42, 1.24)	0.237
≥28 days	7,025	662 (94.2)	1		257 (94.5)	1		284 (95.0)	1