Table 1.
Expression of NaV isoforms in neuronal and non‐neuronal cells in different species relevant for visceral sensation and processing
| NaV isoform | Species | System or tissue | Found in: | Not found in: | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaV1.1 | Human | CNS | Cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus, caudate, hippocampus, amygdala, C1 level spinal cord | GTEx Consortium et al. 2017) | |
| Rat | CNS | Hippocampus, cerebellum, spinal cord (dorsal horn, ventral horn, primarily grey matter restricted) | Embryonic brain and spinal cord | (Beckh et al. 1989; Westenbroek et al. 1989) | |
| Mouse | CNS | Cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, thalamus, central grey, pons, medulla | Fimbria, corpus callosum | (Duflocq et al. 2008) | |
| Human | PNS | L3–L5 | (Chang et al. 2018) | ||
| Rat | PNS | L4–L5; L5 | (Black et al. 1996; Fukuoka et al. 2008; Wang et al. 2011) | ||
| Mouse | PNS | Colonic neurons in T10–L1 and L5–S1; T10–L1 | L3–L6 dorsal and ventral roots | (Duflocq et al. 2008; Osteen et al. 2016; Hockley et al. 2017) | |
| Human | ENS | Colonic myenteric plexus | (Hetz et al. 2014) | ||
| Guinea pig | ENS | Duodenal myenteric plexus | (Sage et al. 2007) | ||
| NaV1.2 | Human | CNS | Cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus, caudate, hippocampus, amygdala, C1 level spinal cord | (GTEx Consortium et al. 2017) | |
| Rat, cat | CNS | Cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, hypothalamus, spinal cord grey matter | (Jarnot & Corbett, 2006) | ||
| Rat | CNS | Hippocampus and cerebellum; embryonic brain and spinal cord | (Beckh et al. 1989; Westenbroek et al. 1989) | ||
| Human | PNS | L3–L5 | (Chang et al. 2018) | ||
| Rat | PNS | L4–L5; L5 | (Black et al. 1996; Fukuoka et al. 2008) | ||
| Mouse | PNS | Colonic neurons in T10–L1 and L5–S1 | (Chang et al. 2018; Hockley et al. 2017) | ||
| Human | ENS | Colonic myenteric plexus | (Hetz et al. 2014) | ||
| Guinea pig | ENS | Duodenal myenteric plexus | (Sage et al. 2007) | ||
| NaV1.3 | Human | CNS | Caudate, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala, C1 level spinal cord | (GTEx Consortium et al. 2017) | |
| Rat | CNS | Embryonic brain and spinal cord | Adult brain and spinal cord | (Beckh et al. 1989) | |
| Human | PNS | L3–L5 | (Chang et al. 2018) | ||
| Rat | PNS | L4–L5 | L5 | (Black et al. 1996; Fukuoka et al. 2008) | |
| Mouse | PNS | Colonic neurons in T10–L1 and L5–S1; DRG | (Chang et al. 2018; Hockley et al. 2017) | ||
| Human | ENS | Colonic myenteric plexus | (Hetz et al. 2014) | ||
| Guinea pig | ENS | Duodenal myenteric plexus | (Sage et al. 2007) | ||
| Human, mouse | Neuroendocrine | Jejunal and colonic enterochromaffin cells | (Bellono et al. 2017; Strege et al. 2017a,b) | ||
| NaV1.4 | Human | CNS | Brain | (GTEx Consortium et al. 2017) | |
| Rat | PNS | L5 | (Fukuoka et al. 2008) | ||
| Mouse | PNS | Colonic neurons in T10–L1 and L5–S1 | (Hockley et al. 2017) | ||
| Human | ENS | Colonic myenteric plexus | (Hetz et al. 2014) | ||
| Human | Muscle | Oesophageal smooth muscle | (Deshpande et al. 2002) | ||
| NaV1.5 | Human | CNS | Brain | (GTEx Consortium et al. 2017) | |
| Mouse | PNS | Colonic neurons in T10–L1 and L5–S1 | (Hockley et al. 2017) | ||
| Human | ENS | Colonic myenteric plexus | (Hetz et al. 2014) | ||
| Mouse | ENS | Duodenal myenteric plexus | (Osorio et al. 2014) | ||
| Human | Interstitial cells | Jejunal interstitial cells of Cajal | (Strege et al. 2003) | ||
| Human, dog, rat | Muscle | Jejunal circular smooth muscle | (Holm et al. 2002; Ou et al. 2002; Strege et al. 2007; Beyder et al. 2016) | ||
| Human, rat | Muscle | Colonic circular smooth muscle | (Strege et al. 2003; Beyder et al. 2016) | ||
| Human, mouse | Muscle | Jejunal longitudinal smooth muscle | (Ou et al. 2002; Strege et al. 2007) | ||
| Pig, guinea pig | Muscle | Jejunal circular smooth muscle | (Strege et al. 2007) | ||
| Human | Macrophages | Macrophages | (Carrithers et al. 2007, 2011; Black & Waxman, 2013) | ||
| NaV1.6 | Human | CNS | Cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus, caudate, hippocampus | (Whitaker et al. 1999; GTEx Consortium et al. 2017) | |
| Rat | CNS | Cerebellum, hippocampus, spinal cord (white and grey matter) | (Tzoumaka et al. 2000) | ||
| Mouse | CNS | Spinal cord white and grey matter | (Duflocq et al. 2008) | ||
| Human | PNS | L3–L5 | (Chang et al. 2018) | ||
| Rat | PNS | L4–L5; L5 | (Tzoumaka et al. 2000; Fukuoka et al. 2008) | ||
| Mouse | PNS | L3–L6 dorsal and ventral roots; DRG | (Duflocq et al. 2008; Chang et al. 2018) | ||
| Mouse | PNS | Colonic neurons in T10–L1 and L5–S1; T10–L1; T9–T13; L6 | (King et al. 2009; Feng et al. 2015; Hockley et al. 2017; Inserra et al. 2017) | ||
| Human | ENS | Colonic myenteric plexus | (Hetz et al. 2014) | ||
| Guinea pig | ENS | Duodenal myenteric plexus | (Sage et al. 2007) | ||
| Human | Macrophages | Macrophages | (Carrithers et al. 2007, 2011; Black & Waxman, 2013) | ||
| NaV1.7 | Human | CNS | Hypothalamus | (GTEx Consortium et al. 2017) | |
| Rat | CNS | Hypothalamus, subfornical organ, intermediolateral cell column | Cerebellum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, septum, thalamic nuclei | (Morinville et al. 2007) | |
| Mouse | CNS | Hypothalamus | (Branco et al. 2016) | ||
| Human | PNS | L3–L5; DRG | (Flegel et al. 2015; Chang et al. 2018) | ||
| Rat | PNS | L5 | (Fukuoka et al. 2008) | ||
| Mouse | PNS | Colonic neurons in T10–L1 and L5–S1; T10–L1; L6 | (Feng et al. 2015; Hockley et al. 2017; Inserra et al. 2017) | ||
| Human | ENS | Colonic myenteric plexus | (Hetz et al. 2014) | ||
| Guinea pig | ENS | Duodenal myenteric plexus | (Sage et al. 2007) | ||
| NaV1.8 | Human | CNS | Brain | (Flegel et al. 2015; GTEx Consortium et al. 2017) | |
| Human | PNS | L3–L5; DRG | (Flegel et al. 2015; Chang et al. 2018) | ||
| Rat | PNS | Colonic neurons T13–L2 | (Hu et al. 2013a, 2016; Lin et al. 2017) | ||
| Mouse | PNS | Colonic neurons in T10–L1 and L5–S1; T10–L1; T9–T13; T9–L1; L6 | (Beyak et al. 2004; Hillsley et al. 2006; King et al. 2009; Feng et al. 2015; Hockley et al. 2017; Inserra et al. 2017) | ||
| Human | ENS | Colonic myenteric plexus | (Hetz et al. 2014) | ||
| Mouse | ENS | Duodenal myenteric plexus | (Osorio et al. 2014) | ||
| NaV1.9 | Human | CNS | Brain | (GTEx Consortium et al. 2017) | |
| Human | PNS | L3–L5; DRG | (Flegel et al. 2015; Chang et al. 2018) | ||
| Rat | PNS | L4–L5 | (Dib‐Hajj et al. 1998) | ||
| Mouse | PNS | Colonic neurons T9–T13; trigeminal ganglia | (Beyak et al. 2004; Padilla et al. 2007; King et al. 2009) | ||
| Human | ENS | Colonic submucosal and myenteric plexus | (Hetz et al. 2014; O'Donnell et al. 2016) | ||
| Rat | ENS | Duodenal myenteric plexus | (Rugiero et al. 2003) | ||
| Mouse | ENS | Sensory, Dogiel type II, myenteric and submucosal neurons | (Padilla et al. 2007; Osorio et al. 2014) | ||
| Guinea pig | ENS | Duodenal intrinsic primary afferent neurons; duodenal myenteric plexus | (Rugiero et al. 2003; Copel et al. 2009) | ||
| Human | Muscle | Colonic smooth muscle | (O'Donnell et al. 2016) | ||
| Human | Mast cells | lung, skin and cord blood‐derived mast cells | (Bradding et al. 2003) |