Table 4.

Results of the analyzed cohort studies

Study	No. patients	Operation time (min.)	No. ligatedarteries	Postoperative complications				Follow-up (months)	Recurrence rate (%)	Symptoms at follow-up			Reoperation rate (%)
				Pain (%)	Bleeding (%)	Thrombosis (%)	Fissure (%)			Bleeding (%)	Prolapse (%)	Pain (%)
Dal Monte [10]	330 (grades 2–3–4)	n.a.	n.a.	19†	2	1.5	0.6	46 (22–79)	7.5	3	2.7	n.a.	n.a.
Festen et al. [11]	23 (grades 2–3)	34	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	1.5	17	4.3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Ratto et al. [8]	170 (grades 2–3–4)	20 ± 5.30 ± 10 (with RAR)	6	15.9	1.2	2.3	n.a.	11.5 ± 12 (1–41)	n.a.	6.5	10.5	0	4.1
Infantino [12]	112 (grades 2–3)	33.9 ± 8.8	7.2 ± 1.5	28.6	0.9	2.7	n.a.	15.6 ± 6.5 (6–32)	14.3	20	6.3	3.6	12.5
Rattoet al. [6]	35 (grade 4)	33 ± 12	6	14.3	5.7	8.6	n.a.	10 (6–28)	n.a.	25.7	28.6	8.6	5.7
Giordano et al. [13]	28 (grades 2–3)	30 (20–45)	n.a.	0	0	n.a.	n.a.	38 (33–48)	14	4	11	n.a.	n.a.
Schuurman et al. [14]	38 (grades 2–3)	n.a.	5.2 ± 0.71	0	2.6	2.6	n.a.	6	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	13.2
Infantino et al. [15]	85 (grade 3)	n.a.	n.a.		5.9	2.4	n.a.	17 ± 0.4 (15–20)	14	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	11.3
Zampieriet al. [16]	46 (grades 3–4)	20 ± 5.1	n.a.	6.5	0	0	0	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Denoya et al. [17, 18]	20 (grades 3–4)	36.6 ± 12.7	6	10	10	0	0	35 (27–43)	16.7	16.7	16.7	8.3	8.3
Elmér et al. [19]	20 (grades 2–3)	36 (30–45)	6	5	0	5	0	12	20.0	15.0	20.0	10–0	10.0
De Nardi et al. [20]	25 (grade 3)	25 ± 10	6	0	0	0	0	24	12.5	4.2	0	16.6	4.2
Giordano et al. [21]	31 (grade 4)	32 (23–47)	6 (5–8)	71	0	3.2	0	32 (6–58)	3.2	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	3.2
Tempel et al. [22]	216 (grade n.a.)	n.a.	n.a.	10.4	0	0	0	23 (1–42)	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Béliard et al. [23]	54 (grades 2–3)	n.a.	n.a.	0	0	0	0	24	9.3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Ratto et al. [24]	803 (grades: 2–3–4)	34.3 ± 5.9 (24–47)	6	13	2.2	0.5	0.1	11.1 ± 9.2 (3–57)	9.3	3.0	6.9	0	5.6
LaBella et al. [25]	108 (grades 2–3–4)	n.a.	6	8	13	0	0	12	10.3	0	10.3	0	10.3
Rubbini et al. [26]	106 (grades 3–4)	25 (16–65)	n.a.	35	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.