Table 1.
Predictors of Patient Hand Colonization with Multi-drug Resistant Organisms
| Characteristic | Patient Colonizationa
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Colonization [n=277] | No Hand Colonization, Other Body Site(s) Colonized [n=204] | Hands Colonized [n=164] (%) | |||
| n (%) | n (%) | Multivariate RR (95% CI) | n (%) | Multivariate RR (95% CI) | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 74.6 (12.8) | 74.6 (11.6) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 74.8 (12.0) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) |
| Male | 110 (39.7) | 82 (40.2) | 1.09 (0.83–1.43) | 81 (49.4)* | 1.62 (1.30–2.01) ** |
| Charlson Comorbidity | 2.5 (2.1) | 2.4 (2.0) | 0.95 (0.86–1.05) | 2.9 (2.0)* | 1.01 (0.92–1.10) |
| Score, mean(SD) | |||||
| Cognitive Sum Score, mean(SD)b d | 12.8 (3.5) | 13.1 (3.2) | NA | 12.7 (3.6) | NA |
| Physical Self Maintenance | 13.6 (4.3) | 14.4 (4.7) | 1.05 (0.99–1.11) | 15.8 (4.6) * | 1.10 (1.08–1.12) ** |
| Score, mean (SD)c | |||||
| Feeding Disability | 13 (4.7) | 20 (9.8) * | 2.18 (1.16–4.08)** | 10 (6.1) | 0.94 (0.47–1.87) |
| Bathing Disability | 126 (45.5) | 106 (52.0) | 1.30 (0.94–1.80) | 108 (65.9) * | 2.22 (1.66–2.97) ** |
| Ambulation Disability | 161 (58.1) | 121 (59.3) | 1.08 (0.71–1.65) | 126 (76.8) * | 2.66 (2.05–3.44) ** |
| Toileting Disability | 69 (24.9) | 64 (31.4) * | 1.37 (1.04–1.82) ** | 78 (47.6) * | 2.44 (2.09–2.85) ** |
| Dressing Disability | 151 (54.5) | 119 (58.3) | 1.19 (0.84–1.68) | 118 (72.0) * | 2.19 (1.40–3.43) ** |
| Grooming Disability | 64 (23.1) | 55 (27.0) | 1.24 (0.78–1.97) | 61 (37.2) * | 1.79 (1.30–2.46) ** |
| Urinary Catheter | 14 (5.1) | 15 (7.4) * | 1.14 (0.79–1.63) | 25 (15.2) * | 1.79 (1.13–2.86) ** |
| Feeding Tube | 3 (1.1) | 8 (3.9) | NA | 6 (3.7) | NA |
| Peripherally-inserted central venous catheter | 26 (9.4) | 24 (11.8) | 1.13 (0.51–2.48) | 30 (18.3) * | 1.54 (0.85–2.79) |
| Antibiotic Use in previous 30 daysd | 142 (53.0) | 127 (63.5) * | 1.50 (1.09–2.07) ** | 120 (74.5) * | 2.24 (1.78–2.80) ** |
| Diabetes | 107 (38.6) | 89 (43.6) | 1.31 (0.89–1.92) | 78 (47.6) * | 1.34 (0.99–1.82) |
| Dementiad | 46 (16.7) | 34 (16.7) | NA | 29 (17.7) | NA |
| Prolonged Hospital Stay (>2 weeks) | 11 (4.0) | 16 (7.8) * | 1.84 (1.07–3.16) ** | 33 (20.1) * | 5.01 (2.71–9.27) ** |
N=645; 5 patients were not cultured on hands at baseline.
Possible Cognitive Sum Score range, 0 to 15, higher scores indicating higher cognitive function.
Possible Physical Self Maintenance Score range, 6 to 30, higher scores indicating more functional disability.
These variables had missing data. The totals for each are: cognitive sum score, n=627; antibiotic use, n=629; dementia, n=644. For multivariate analyses, missing values were assigned as zero, and a missing control was added.
These variables were significant at P < .05 in clustered univariate analysis and included in the adjusted model. Disability variables are collinear; adjusted RRRs for these do not include other disability variables.
These variables were significant at P < .05 in clustered multivariate analysis.