Table 1. Demographics of Study Cohort.
| Characteristic | Valuea | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carotid Stenosis (n = 10 579) |
Direct Care (n = 6990) |
Purchased Care (n = 3589) |
||
| Any procedure | 1307 (12.4) | 661 (9.5) | 646 (18.0) | <.001 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | ||||
| At initial diagnosis | 65.6 (11.4) | 69.5 (11.0) | 58.1 (7.6) | <.001 |
| At procedure | 65.7 (8.9) | 69.5 (9.3) | 61.7 (6.4) | |
| Symptom status at presentation | ||||
| Symptomatic | 912 (8.6) | 271 (3.9) | 641 (17.9) | <.001 |
| Asymptomatic | 9667 (91.4) | 6719 (96.1) | 2948 (82.1) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White | 4284 (40.5) | 2724 (39.0) | 1560 (43.5) | <.001 |
| Black | 719 (6.8) | 455 (6.5) | 264 (7.4) | |
| Other | 334 (3.2) | 270 (3.9) | 64 (1.8) | |
| Unknown | 5242 (49.6) | 3541 (50.7) | 1701 (47.4) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 8531 (80.6) | 5509 (78.8) | 3022 (84.2) | <.001 |
| Single | 2048 (19.4) | 1481 (21.2) | 567 (15.8) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 4615 (43.6) | 2838 (40.6) | 1777 (49.5) | <.001 |
| Male | 5964 (56.4) | 4152 (59.4) | 1812 (50.5) | |
| History of smoking | 4111 (38.9) | 3149 (45.1) | 962 (26.8) | <.001 |
| Beneficiary category | ||||
| Dependent | 4338 (41.0) | 2695 (38.6) | 1643 (45.8) | <.001 |
| Sponsor | 6241 (59.0) | 4295 (61.4) | 1946 (54.2) | |
| Medicare eligibility | ||||
| Yes | 5068 (47.9) | 4722 (67.6) | 346 (9.6) | <.001 |
| No | 5511 (52.1) | 2268 (32.5) | 3243 (90.4) | |
| HCC, mean (SD) | 0.7 (0.6) | 0.8 (0.6) | 0.6 (0.5) | <.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes | 1626 (15.4) | 1220 (17.5) | 406 (11.3) | <.001 |
| CHF | 553 (5.2) | 400 (5.7) | 153 (4.3) | .001 |
| Acute MI | 154 (1.5) | 94 (1.3) | 60 (1.7) | .18 |
| Prior MI | 332 (3.1) | 255 (3.6) | 77 (2.1) | <.001 |
| Stroke | 259 (2.5) | 154 (2.2) | 105 (2.9) | .02 |
| COPD | 702 (6.6) | 508 (7.3) | 194 (5.4) | <.001 |
| Renal failure | 669 (6.3) | 533 (7.6) | 136 (3.8) | <.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 850 (8.0) | 652 (9.3) | 198 (5.5) | <.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease (complicated) | 137 (1.3) | 101 (1.4) | 36 (1.0) | .06 |
Abbreviations: CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HCC, hierarchical condition category; MI, myocardial infarction.
a
Data are presented as number (percentage) of patients unless otherwise indicated.