Table 1. Incidence of Complications Within 90 Days After Immediate, Delayed, and Secondary Breast Reconstruction Procedures.
| Reconstruction Type | No. of Patients | Complication | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SSI | NIWC | SSI or NIWC | |||||
| No. (%) | P Valuea | No. (%) | P Valuea | No. (%) | P Valuea | ||
| Implant IR | 7655 | 685 (8.9) | NA | 717 (9.4) | NA | 1180 (15.4) | NA |
| Subsequent implant | |||||||
| Implant SR after implant IR | 5150 | 167 (3.2) | <.001b | 134 (2.6) | <.001b | 268 (5.2) | <.001b |
| Implant DR | 369 | 21 (5.7) | .04 | 15 (4.1) | .001 | 31 (8.4) | <.001 |
| Implant SR after autologous IR | 175 | 3 (1.7) | .003 | 8 (4.6) | .03 | 11 (6.3) | .001 |
| Implant SR after autologous tissue flap plus implant IR | 340 | 6 (1.8) | <.001 | 9 (2.6) | <.001 | 15 (4.4) | <.001 |
| Autologous tissue flap | |||||||
| Autologous IR | 1799 | 177 (9.8) | NA | 250 (13.9) | NA | 342 (19.0) | NA |
| Autologous tissue flap plus implant IR | 593 | 52 (8.8) | .44 | 63 (10.6) | .04 | 98 (16.5) | .18 |
| Subsequent autologous flapc | |||||||
| Autologous DR | 137 | 19 (13.9) | .13 | 23 (16.8) | .35 | 32 (23.4) | .22 |
| Autologous tissue flap plus implant DR | 68 | 4 (5.9) | .29 | 4 (5.9) | .07 | 7 (10.3) | .08 |
| Autologous SR after implant IR | 95 | 11 (11.6) | .58 | 11 (11.6) | .52 | 18 (18.9) | .99 |
| Autologous tissue flap plus implant SR after implant IR | 72 | 8 (11.1) | .72 | 6 (8.3) | .18 | 11 (15.3) | .43 |
Abbreviations: DR, delayed reconstruction; IR, immediate reconstruction; NA, not applicable; NIWC, noninfectious wound complication; SR, secondary reconstruction; SSI, surgical site infection.
Calculated using logistic regression, unless otherwise noted. For implant procedures, all P values refer to comparison with the results of implant IR. For autologous procedures, all P values refer to comparison with the results of autologous tissue flap IR.
Calculated using the McNemar test. For the matched comparisons, the population was restricted to women who had implant IR followed by implant SR (n = 5150).
The following SR procedures were not included owing to small numbers: 8 autologous tissue SR procedures after autologous IR, 4 autologous tissue SR procedures with implant after autologous IR, 3 autologous tissue SR procedures after autologous tissue flap plus implant IR, and 4 flap with implant SR procedures after autologous tissue flap plus implant IR.