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. 2018 Feb 28;14(2):e1006899. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006899

Fig 2. Influence of PGRP-LD on the gut microbiota.

Fig 2

(A) Relative expression levels of immunity-related genes in dsRNA treated, sugar fed mosquitoes. Error bars indicate standard error (n = 10). Culturable (B) and total gut microbiota (C) density was measured. Error bars indicate standard error (n = 10). Significance was determined by Student’s-T test. *, P<0.05, **, P<0.01, ***, P<0.001. Results from one of two independent experiments are shown. (D) Microbiota localization in midguts of dsGFP (D1-D3) and dsLD (D4-D6) were analyzed by FISH using a universal bacterial 16S rRNA gene probe (red). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). D1 and D4 show DAPI staining. D2 and D5 show staining with 16S rRNA probe. D3 and D6 show merged images. Arrows denote gut microbiota. Images are representative of three independent experiments. Scale bars, 50 μm.