Table 1.
Summary of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Study Sample
| Demographic characteristics | Baseline Statistic | Post-treatment statistic |
|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± STD) (N = 35) | 17.43 ± 2.32 | |
| Minority (%) (N = 35) | 14.29 | |
| Hispanic (%) (N = 35) | 8.57 | |
| Parent SES (mean ± STD) (N = 31) | 46.23 ± 10.42 | |
| IQ (mean ± STD) (N = 30) | 106.20 ± 10.57 | |
| Tanner stage (mean ± STD) (N = 31) | 4.26 ± 0.89 | |
| Clinical characteristics, n (%) | ||
| Diagnosis (N = 35) | ||
| Any depressive disordera | 25 (71) | |
| Any anxiety disorderb | 33 (94) | |
| Eating disorder NOS | 1 (3) | |
| ADHD | 3 (9) | |
| Alcohol dependence | 2 (6) | |
| No current disorder | 4 (11) | |
| Number of participants currently taking medicationsc (N = 35) | 15 (43) | |
| Number of participants with a history of psychotherapy (N = 32) | 23 (72) | |
| Number of participants with past suicide attempts (N = 32) | 9 (28) | |
| Number of participants with a trauma history (N = 35) | 28 (80) | |
| NSSI type (N = 35) | ||
| Cutting | 35 (100) | |
| Scratching | 18 (51) | |
| Interfering with wound healing | 18 (51) | |
| Burning | 17 (49) | |
| Banging head or hitting self | 17 (49) | |
| Carving | 13 (37) | |
| Sticking with needles | 13 (37) | |
| Biting | 11 (31) | |
| Pinching | 8 (23) | |
| Hair pulling | 6 (17) | |
| Rubbing skin | 6 (17) | |
| Outcome measures | ||
| NSSI frequency: number of cutting episodes per week (mean ± STD) (baseline N = 35; post-treatment N = 24) | 0.74 ± 1.09 | 0.35 ± 0.83 |
| Beck Depression Inventory (mean ± STD) (baseline N = 34; post-treatment N = 23) | 31.53 ± 9.81 | 24.04 ± 15.00 |
| Barratt Impulsivity Scale (mean ± STD) (baseline N = 30; post-treatment N = 23) | 72.83 ± 10.15 | 72.61 ± 11.13 |
| Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) (baseline N = 30, post-treatment N = 23) | ||
| SCL-90 Anxiety (mean ± STD) | 1.43 ± 0.93 | 1.02 ± 0.90 |
| SCL-90 Depression (mean ± STD) | 1.88 ± 0.84 | 1.56 ± 0.98 |
| SCL-90 Hostility (mean ± STD) | 1.49 ± 0.91 | 1.13 ± 0.97 |
| SCL-90 Interpersonal Sensitivity (mean ± STD) | 1.77 ± 0.88 | 1.52 ± 0.94 |
| SCL-90 Obsessive Compulsive (mean ± STD) | 1.64 ± 0.64 | 1.40 ± 0.80 |
| SCL-90 Paranoid Ideation (mean ± STD) | 1.35 ± 0.76 | 0.95 ± 0.84 |
| SCL-90 Phobic Anxiety (mean ± STD) | 0.98 ± 0.92 | 0.61 ± 0.82 |
| SCL-90 Psychoticism (mean ± STD) | 1.22 ± 0.62 | 0.83 ± 0.62 |
| SCL-90 Somatization (mean ± STD) | 1.22 ± 0.68 | 0.64 ± 0.55 |
| SCL-90 Global Severity Index (mean ± STD) | 1.49 ± 0.63 | 1.13 ± 0.72 |
Any depressive disorder included MDD (n = 20; 57%) and DD NOS (n = 5; 14%).
Any anxiety disorder included: GAD (n = 10; 29%), Anxiety Disorder NOS (n = 2; 6%), Social Phobia (n = 4; 11%), Specific Phobia (n = 5; 14%), Panic Disorder (n = 4; 11%), PTSD (n = 4; 11%), OCD (n = 4; 11%).
Current baseline medications included: fluoxetine (n = 6), buproprion (n = 5), citalopram (n = 3), sertraline (n = 4), trazodone (n = 3), escitalopram (n = 1), methylphenidate (n = 1), amphetamine (n = 2), aripiprazole (n = 1), lamotrigine (n = 1), clonazepam (n = 1), gabapentin (n = 1).
ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; IQ, estimated intelligence quotient; NSSI, nonsuicidal self-injury; SES, socioeconomic status; STD, standard deviation.