Table 1.
Summary of circulating miRNAs as prognostic or/and predictive biomarkers in patients with colorectal cancer.
| miRNA | Effect | Sample | Disease Stage of CRC/Treatment | No of Patients | Outcome | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-21 | prognostic | Serum | Stage I to IV | 12 Discovery/ 182 Validation | High miR-21 levels associated with tumor size, distant metastasis, and poor survival | Toiyama [16] | |
| miR-21 | prognostic | Plasma | Resectable | 57 Discovery/ No validation | High levels in plasma drawn from mesenteric vein correlated with shorter DFS | Monzo [20] | |
| miR-21 | prognostic | Serum | Stage I to IV | 102 Discovery/ No validation | Low levels associated with short OS along with CEA, age and tumor stage | Menéndez [18] | |
| miR-21, let-7g, miR-31, miR-92a, miR-181b, and miR-203 | prognostic | Serum | Localized or metastatic | 30 Discovery/ 83 Validation | The expression levels of the six serum miRNAs were correlated to tumor stage | Wang [23] | |
| miR-26a, miR-124-5p | prognostic | Plasma | Unresectable or resectable | 71 Discovery/ No validation | High miR-124-5p and low miR-26a levels correlated with long OS | Jinushi [25] | |
| miR-92a | prognostic | Serum | Resectable | 200 Discovery/ No validation | High levels associated with poor survival | Liu [17] | |
| miR-141 | prognostic | Plasma | Stage IV | 102 Discovery/ 156 Validation | High levels were prognostic for short OS | Cheng [22] | |
| miR-155 | prognostic | Serum | Localized or metastatic | 146 Discovery/ No validation | High levels correlated with OS and PFS | Lv [24] | |
| miR-183 | prognostic | Plasma | Stage III and IV | 118 Discovery/No validation | High levels associated with local and distant recurrence and short DFS & OS | Yuan [32] | |
| miR-200c | prognostic | Serum | Stage I to IV | 12 Discovery/ 182 Validation | Associated with local and distant recurrence. High level was prognostic for OS | Toiyama [21] | |
| miR-221 | prognostic | Plasma | Stage I to IV | 103 Discovery/ No validation | High level was prognostic for short OS | Pu [19] | |
| miR-19a | prognostic/potentially predictive | Serum | Stage IV/1st line FOLFOX | 16 Discovery/ 72 Validation | High levels in non-responders | Chen [26] | |
| miR-20a, miR-130, miR-145, miR-216 and miR-372 | prognostic/potentially predictive | Serum | Stage III & IV/Oxilaplatin based chemotherapy | 253 Discovery/ No validation | Risk score analysis from all miRNAs predicts chemoresistance. | Zhang [27] | |
| miR-106a, miR-484, and miR-130b (response), miR-27b, miR-148a, and miR-326 (PFS & OS) | prognostic/potentially predictive | Plasma | Stage IV/Nordic FLOX | 24 Discovery/ 150 Validation | High levels in non-responders. High levels associated with PFS. High miR-326 associated with short OS. | Kjersem [28] | |
| miR-126 | prognostic/potentially predictive | Plasma | Stage IV/1st line chemotherapy + bevacizumab | 68 Discovery/ No validation | Changes during treatment separated responders vs. non-responders | Hansen [29] | |
| miR-155, miR-200c, and miR-210 | prognostic/potentially predictive | Serum | Stage III/Different chemotherapy regimens with or without VEGF/EGFR inhibitors | 15 Discovery/ No validation | High levels predicting distant metastasis and chemoresistance | Chen [31] | |
| miR-345, miR-143, miR-34*, miR-628-5p, miR-886-3p, miR-324-3p | prognostic/potentially predictive | Whole blood | Stage IV/3rd line irinotecan & cetuximab | 138 Discovery/ No validation | High levels prognostic for short OS | Schou & Rossi [30] | |
* Method: microarray. For all other sqRT-PCROS: Overall Survival, PFS: Progression Free Survival, DFS: Disease Free Survival.