Table 3.
Concentration of inflammatory cytokines in infections and controls.
| Primary infection (mean ± SD) | P value | Secondary infection (mean ± SD) | P value | Control (E) (mean ± SD) |
P value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st week (A) | 2nd week (B) | A versus E | B versus E | 1st week (C) | 2nd week (D) | C versus E | D versus E | A versus C | B versus D | ||
| Number of case | 152 | 82 | — | — | 44 | 19 | 20 | ||||
| CXCL9 (MIG) | 238.61 ± 265.29 | 625.52 ± 700.20 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 710.20 ± 1435.59 | 802.32 ± 644.12 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 58.35 ± 100.68 | 0.001∗∗ | 0.225 |
| CCL17 (TARC) | 303.26 ± 490.43 | 220.40 ± 209.15 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 151.09 ± 155.53 | 468.16 ± 926.50 | <0.001∗∗ | 0.001∗∗ | 855.40 ± 442.74 | 0.009∗∗ | 0.537 |
| CXCL5 (ENA-78) | 875.13 ± 1553.74 | 786.72 ± 649.12 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 695.59 ± 833.55 | 1209.47 ± 804.15 | <0.001∗∗ | 0.002∗∗ | 2320.05 ± 1237.33 | 0.229 | 0.018∗ |
| CCL11 (eotaxin) | 341.20 ± 209.82 | 362.48 ± 233.38 | 0.385 | 0.604 | 307.23 ± 142.02 | 468.58 ± 163.38 | 0.389 | 0.032∗ | 375.65 ± 215.28 | 0.841 | 0.002∗∗ |
| IP-10 | 7694.73 ± 5035.07 | 6382.49 ± 4539.37 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 7387.52 ± 4874.71 | 7335.05 ± 6475.22 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 367.60 ± 151.43 | 0.672 | 0.962 |
| CXCL11 (I-TAC) | 4116.99 ± 2659.76 | 1424.44 ± 1184.22 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 3725.09 ± 3105.49 | 1214.58 ± 1088.54 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 254.50 ± 531.58 | 0.199 | 0.326 |
| IL-8 | 1911.43 ± 4409.65 | 1226.95 ± 2478.91 | <0.001∗∗ | 0.004∗∗ | 2407.39 ± 5175.86 | 1793.00 ± 2336.76 | <0.001∗∗ | 0.002∗∗ | 958.70 ± 2112.73 | 0.616 | 0.098 |
| IL-10 | 45.88 ± 61.41 | 11.16 ± 11.80 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 60.11 ± 81.01 | 7.58 ± 5.07 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 1.50 ± 0.61 | 0.240 | 0.280 |
| CCL2 (MCP-1) | 9768.83 ± 9708.82 | 5807.54 ± 3414.33 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 8611.84 ± 6343.42 | 8009.00 ± 10517.43 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 2427.95 ± 845.28 | 0.809 | 0.339 |
| IFN-γ | 251.03 ± 917.31 | 15.05 ± 36.22 | <0.001∗∗ | <0.001∗∗ | 93.39 ± 152.62 | 7.79 ± 15.62 | <0.001∗∗ | 0.054 | 0.35 ± 1.57 | 0.226 | 0.136 |
| IL-18 | 205.80 ± 221.93 | 198.98 ± 211.30 | 0.005∗∗ | 0.047∗ | 286.20 ± 397.11 | 141.05 ± 115.95 | 0.029∗ | 0.325 | 105.45 ± 55.26 | 0.834 | 0.364 |
| MIP-1α | 244.68 ± 398.14 | 253.67 ± 431.30 | 0.006∗∗ | 0.003∗∗ | 223.41 ± 262.85 | 210.26 ± 157.82 | 0.156 | 0.002∗∗ | 127.20 ± 142.06 | 0.392 | 0.633 |
| RANTES | 11621.99 ± 4007.26 | 16017.28 ± 3794.66 | <0.001∗∗ | 0.214 | 11632.41 ± 4207.56 | 17477.47 ± 3340.15 | <0.001∗∗ | 0.933 | 17165.85 ± 2359.73 | 0.819 | 0.200 |
| MIP-1β | 196.97 ± 180.47 | 145.11 ± 188.44 | 0.237 | 0.511 | 165.84 ± 128.60 | 128.05 ± 100.70 | 0.845 | 0.491 | 146.85 ± 97.90 | 0.214 | 0.677 |
| CCL20 (MIP-3α) | 46.79 ± 198.24 | 21.38 ± 63.88 | 0.318 | 0.517 | 19.66 ± 27.61 | 15.84 ± 18.98 | 0.976 | 0.942 | 56.05 ± 178.53 | 0.212 | 0.401 |
Mean ± SD of cytokines were presented and performed analysis using Mann–Whitney U test or t-test between two cohorts. Statistical significance is indicated by asterisks: ∗∗P < 0.01 or ∗P < 0.05.