| ANOVA | analysis of variance |
| BA | Betulinic acid |
| DMSO | dimethyl sulfoxide |
| EMSA | Electrophoretic; mobility shift assay |
| IκBα | I-kappa-B-alpha |
| IKK | IκB kinase |
| NF-κB | Nuclear Factor-kappa B |
| PARP | poly(ADP)ribose polymerase |
| RAID | Rapid Access to Intervention in Development program |
| Sp | Specificity Protein |
| TRAIL | Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand |