Table 3. Adolescent characteristics at first visit, ART start, age 10 years, and last visit and cumulative incidence of outcomes (mortality, transferred out, LTFU), compared by CIG.
| Characteristic | Total | Low Income | Lower-Middle Income | Upper-Middle Income | High Income |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N (row %) | 38,187 (100) | 24,794 (64.9) | 3,015 (7.9) | 6,669 (17.5) | 3,709 (9.7) |
| Male, N (%) | 18,863 (49.4) | 12,191 (49.2) | 1,503 (49.9) | 3,372 (50.6) | 1,797 (48.5) |
| Age in years, median (IQR) | |||||
| First visit | 6.7 (4.4–8.4) | 7.1 (5.4–8.6) | 6.3 (3.8–8.1) | 6.3 (3.7–8.3) | 1.1 (0.2–4.1) |
| ART start | 7.5 (5.2–9.2) | 8.0 (6.2–9.4) | 7.2 (4.7–9.0) | 7.0 (4.7–8.8) | 2.5 (0.6–6.1) |
| Last visit | 12.4 (11.1–14.4) | 12.1 (10.9–13.7) | 13.2 (11.4–15.3) | 12.6 (11.1–14.6) | 15.4 (13.1–17.6) |
| CD4 count in cells/mm3, median (IQR) | |||||
| First visit (N = 19,979) | 427 (200–757) | 405 (194–707) | 348 (142–610) | 393 (183–709) | 924 (470–1,800) |
| First visit if age ≥5 years (N = 14,585) | 358 (165–632) | 377 (176–664) | 302 (116–540) | 298 (132–527) | 442 (234–660) |
| ART start (N = 20,608) | 321 (165–575) | 302 (155–504) | 277 (108–455) | 336 (171–602) | 624 (294–1,318) |
| ART start if age ≥5 years (N = 16,612) | 292 (161–469) | 300 (154–504) | 245 (91–360) | 283 (139–478) | 320 (190–502) |
| Age 10 years (N = 26,953) | 685 (445–972) | 661 (421–955) | 702 (463–953) | 719 (472–1,004) | 730 (500–998) |
| Last visit (N = 31,951) | 687 (464–946) | 679 (443–956) | 692 (492–917) | 727 (511–968) | 650 (451–882) |
| CD4%, median (IQR) | |||||
| First visit (N = 13,674) | 16 (9–25) | 16 (9–24) | 13 (7–20) | 14 (8–21) | 25 (16–37) |
| ART start (N = 14,740) | 14 (8–20) | 13 (8–18) | 11 (6–17) | 13 (8–19) | 21 (13–31) |
| Age 10 years (N = 17,974) | 28 (20–34) | 27 (19–34) | 27 (21–33) | 28 (20–35) | 30 (23–37) |
| Last visit (N = 23,292) | 29 (21–35) | 28 (20–35) | 29 (22–35) | 29 (22–35) | 31 (24–37) |
| HAZ, median (IQR) | |||||
| First visit (N = 20,269) | −1.92 (−2.91–−0.97) | −2.02 (−3.00–−1.07) | −1.98 (−2.87–−1.09) | −1.89 (−2.80–−1.00) | −0.84 (−1.78–0.07) |
| ART start (N = 20,372) | −1.95 (−2.91–−1.02) | −2.05 (−3.01–−1.13) | −2.13 (−3.05–−1.29) | −1.93 (−2.79–−1.10) | −0.83 (−1.70–0.07) |
| Age 10 years (N = 26,883) | −1.53 (−2.35–−0.72) | −1.69 (−2.48–−0.92) | −1.83 (−2.55–−1.08) | −1.46 (−2.20–−0.77) | −0.29 (−1.04–0.48) |
| Last visit (N = 32,752) | −1.59 (−2.45–−0.72) | −1.79 (−2.62–−0.97) | −1.65 (−2.44–−0.87) | −1.46 (−2.24–−0.67) | −0.34 (−1.09–0.37) |
| ART, N (%) | |||||
| Ever received | 33,514 (87.8) | 20,851 (84.1) | 2,776 (92.1) | 6,351 (95.2) | 3,536 (95.3) |
| Started > age 10 years | 4,037 (12.0) | 3,028 (14.5) | 305 (11.0) | 423 (6.7) | 281 (7.9) |
| On ART at age 10 years | 25,713 (67.3) | 15,444 (62.3) | 2,279 (75.6) | 5,323 (79.8) | 2,667 (71.9) |
| On ART at last visit | 30,072 (80.3) | 18,408 (75.9) | 2,589 (87.8) | 6,002 (91.1) | 3,073 (83.8) |
| Virologic suppression, n/N (%) | |||||
| Age 10 years | 6,919/10,209 (67.8) | 467/932 (50.2) | 885/1,039 (85.2) | 3,637/4,843 (75.1) | 1,930/3,396 (56.8) |
| Last visit | 9,741/14,200 (68.6) | 1,342/2,777 (48.3) | 1,210/1,486 (81.4) | 4,684/6,274 (74.7) | 2,505/3,663 (68.4) |
| Cumulative incidence (95% CI) at age 15 years | |||||
| Mortality (%) | 2.6 (2.4–2.8) | 3.5 (3.1–3.8) | 2.7 (2.1–3.5) | 1.4 (1.1–1.9) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) |
| Transferred out (%) | 15.6 (15.1–16.0) | 16.7 (16.1–17.4) | 14.3 (12.8–15.8) | 2.1 (2.0–2.3) | 3.5 (2.9–4.2) |
| Lost to follow-up (%) | 11.3 (10.9–11.8) | 12.6 (12.0–13.2) | 7.5 (6.3–8.8) | 12.8 (11.8–13.9) | 6.7 (5.8–7.7) |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; CIG, country income group; HAZ, height-for-age-Z-score; IQR, interquartile range; LTFU, lost to follow-up.