Table 2.
Histopathologic findings
| C4d+DSA+ (n=35) |
C4d−DSA+ (n=24) |
Controls (n=15) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pathologic diagnosis [n (%)] | ||||
| TCMR or Borderline | 16 (46) | 21 (88) | 11 (73) | <0.003a |
| ABMR | 34(97) | 19 (79) | 0 (0) | <0.001b |
| CAMR | 13 (37) | 11 (46) | 0 (0) | 0.009b |
| CNIT | 1 (3) | 1 (4) | 1 (7) | 0.822 |
| DN | 2 (6) | 3 (12) | 1(7) | 0.627 |
| ATI | 4 (11) | 1 (4) | 4 (27) | 0.11 |
| PVN | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.318 |
| IFTA | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (27) | 0.001b |
| GN | 6 (17) | 3 (12) | 2 (13) | 0.87 |
| Banff Scores [n (%)] | ||||
| g | 0.437 | |||
| 0 | 6 (17) | 4 (17) | 6 (40) | |
| 1 | 10 (29) | 6 (25) | 5 (33) | |
| 2 | 9 (25) | 7 (29) | 3 (20) | |
| 3 | 10 (29) | 7 (29) | 1(7) | |
| i | 0.525 | |||
| 0 | 20 (57) | 9 (38) | 7 (47) | |
| 1 | 2 (6) | 3 (12) | 3 (20) | |
| 2 | 6 (17) | 4 (17) | 3 (20) | |
| 3 | 7 (20) | 8 (33) | 2 (13) | |
| t | 0.626 | |||
| 0 | 10 (29) | 4 (17) | 3 (20) | |
| 1 | 16 (46) | 10 (42) | 6 (40) | |
| 2 | 8 (23) | 9 (38) | 4 (27) | |
| 3 | 1 (3) | 1 (4) | 2 (13) | |
| v | 0.290 | |||
| 0 | 22 (63) | 17 (71) | 10 (67) | |
| 1 | 12 (34) | 3 (12) | 4 (27) | |
| 2 | 0 | 2 (8) | 1 (7) | |
| 3 | 1 (3) | 2 (8) | 0 | |
| cg | 0.210 | |||
| 0 | 19 (54) | 12 (50) | 8 (53) | |
| 1a | 6 (17) | 2 (8) | 5 (33) | |
| 1b | 10 (29) | 10 (42) | 2 (13) | |
| ci | 0.914 | |||
| 0 | 16 (46) | 10 (42) | 6 (40) | |
| 1 | 12 (34) | 8 (33) | 5 (33) | |
| 2 | 6 (17) | 6 (25) | 3 (20) | |
| 3 | 1 (3) | 0 | 1 (7) | |
| ct | 0.942 | |||
| 0 | 15 (43) | 10 (42) | 6 (40) | |
| 1 | 12 (34) | 8 (33) | 5 (33) | |
| 2 | 7 (20) | 6 (25) | 3 (20) | |
| 3 | 1 (3) | 0 | 1 (7) | |
| cv | 0.196 | |||
| 0 | 23 (66) | 16 (67) | 8 (53) | |
| 1 | 9 (26) | 6 (25) | 3 (20) | |
| 2 | 3 (9) | 2 (8) | 2 (13) | |
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 (13) | |
| ah | 0.431 | |||
| 0 | 20 (57) | 13 (54) | 8 (53) | |
| 1 | 14 (40) | 10 (42) | 5 (33) | |
| 2 | 0 | 1 (4) | 2 (13) | |
| 3 | 1 (3) | 0 | 0 | |
| mm | 0.08 | |||
| 0 | 23 (66) | 13 (54) | 12 (80) | |
| 1 | 9 (26) | 9 (38) | 1 (7) | |
| 2 | 3 (9) | 0 | 2 (13) | |
| 3 | 0 | 2 (8) | 0 | |
| ptc | 0.035b | |||
| 0 | 6 (17) | 2 (8) | 8 (53) | |
| 1 | 12 (34) | 12 (50) | 4 (27) | |
| 2 | 15 (43) | 9 (38) | 2 (13) | |
| 3 | 2 (6) | 1 (4) | 1 (7) | |
| ti | 0.350 | |||
| 0 | 10 (29) | 1 (4) | 4 (27) | |
| 1 | 8 (23) | 6 (25) | 4 (27) | |
| 2 | 7 (20) | 7 (29) | 4 (27) | |
| 3 | 10 (29) | 10 (42) | 3 (20) | |
| C4d | <0.001b | |||
| 0 | 0 | 20 (83) | 13 (87) | |
| 1 | 0 | 4 (17) | 2 (13) | |
| 2 | 8 (23) | 0 | 0 | |
| 3 | 27 (77) | 0 | 0 |
TCMR=T-cell mediated rejection; ABMR, antibody-mediated rejection; CAMR, chronic antibody-mediated rejection; CNIT, calcineurin-inhibitor toxicity; DN, diabetic nephropathy; ATI, acute tubular injury; PVN, polyomavirus nephropathy; IFTA, interstitial fibrosis-tubular atrophy; GN, glomerulonephritis.
a
There is a significant difference amongst groups in the proportions of cases of TCMR with the −C4d+DSA group showing the highest proportion (Pearson’s Chi-square, p= 0.0011).
b
Statistically different, as expected by study group definition.