Table 3.
Serial characteristics of patients with acute liver failure from days 1 to 3 post study admission (n=340).
| n | Day 1 | n | Day 2 | n | Day 3 | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RRT (on each day) | |||||||
| Overall | 340 | 91 (27%) | 340 | 112 (33%) | 340 | 119 (35%) | <0.001 |
| CRRT | 340 | 45 (13%) | 340 | 56 (17%) | 340 | 56 (17%) | 0.028 |
| IRRT | 340 | 46 (14%) | 340 | 56 (17%) | 340 | 63 (19%) | 0.001 |
| HE grades 3–4 | 340 | 170 (50%) | 321 | 179 (56%) | 340 | 173 (51%) | 0.029 |
| Ammonia (μmol/l) | |||||||
| Overall | 340 | 100 (70–157) | 340 | 88 (64–127) | 340 | 81 (52–112) | <0.001 |
| CRRT (on days 1–2) | 61 | 140 (79–192) | 61 | 103 (78–172) | 61 | 87 (66–125) | <0.001 |
| IRRT (on days 1–2) | 59 | 98 (69–133) | 59 | 89 (63–130) | 59 | 75 (44–116) | 0.066 |
| No RRT (on days 1–2) | 220 | 97 (68–145) | 220 | 82 (61–119) | 220 | 79 (50–105) | <0.001 |
| INR | 340 | 3.0 (2.1–4.3) | 336 | 2.4 (1.8–3.4) | 331 | 2.0 (1.6–3.0) | <0.001 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 337 | 5.3 (3.0–15.4) | 333 | 6.3 (3.4–14.4) | 332 | 7.8 (4.0–16.5) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 337 | 1.50 (0.90–2.80) | 340 | 1.54 (0.80–2.79) | 336 | 1.49 (0.80–2.44) | <0.001 |
| Lactate (mmol/l) | 242 | 4.2 (2.5–8.0) | 193 | 3.1 (2.0–6.1) | 166 | 2.8 (1.7–5.8) | <0.001 |
IQR: inter-quartile range. RRT: renal replacement therapy. CRRT: continuous renal replacement therapy. IRRT: intermittent renal replacement therapy. HE: hepatic encephalopathy. INR: international normalized ratio.
*
Friedman test (comparisons of day 1 vs. day 2 vs. day 3).
α=0.05.