Table 1.
Cohort characteristics of patients at time of diagnosis of breast cancer included studies.
| Refs. | Year | Country | Study | THC | Total N | BM N (%) | Median/Mean Age (range) | M/F | Menopausal Status N (%) | ER//PR/HER2 N (%) | Stage N (%) | Median/Mean (range) F/U yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liede A [20]a | 2016 | Canada | Single-center, prospective | 1987–2000 | 2097 | 257 (13.2) | 54.3(22–94) | F | NA | ER 1402(66.9), PR 1149(54.8), HER2 291(13.9) | I 352(16.8), II 807(38.5), III 611(29.1), NA 326(15.6) | 12.50(0.06–27) |
| Cetin K [21] | 2015 | Denmark | Population-based, retrospective | 1997–2011 | NA | 2427 (NA) | 63(28–97) | F | NA | ER 1859(76), PR NA, HER2 393(16) | I-III 1821(75), IV 606(25) | 1.12b |
| Dibekoglu C [22] | 2015 | Turkey | Single-center, retrospective | 1993–2006 | NA | 139 (NA) | 50(23–81) | F | Pre- 56(40) | ER 107(77), PR 78(56), HER2 31(22) | I-III 95(68), IV (BM) 44(32) | 3.42(0.67–12.67)b |
| Bollen L [23]c | 2015 | Netherlands | Multi-center, retrospective | 2005–2012 | NA | 111 (NA) | 59.9 | F 110, M 1 | NA | HR+ 76(68), HER2+ 11(10), TNBC 24(22) | NA | 3.20(0.60–5.50)b |
| Foerster R [24]c | 2015 | Germany | Single-center, retrospective | 2000–2012 | NA | 92 (NA) | 60.8 | NA | NA | HR+ 63(68), HER2+ 9(10), TNBC 20(22) | NA | NA |
| Harries M [25]a | 2014 | U.K. | Single-center, retrospective | 1976–2006 | 7064 | 1589 (22) | NA | F | NA | ER 332(21), PR 531(33), HER2 478(30) | NA | 8.40 |
| Steinauer K [26] | 2014 | Switzerland | Single-center, retrospective | 1990–2009 | NA | 237 (NA) | 63(28–91) | F | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Yamashiro H [27]a | 2014 | Japan | Multi-center, retrospective | 2003–2005 | 1708 | 193 (11.3) | 58(24–93) | F | Pre- 384(22.5) | ER 1099(64.3), PR 892(52.2), HER2 280(16.4) | I 336(19.7), II 963(56.4), III 226(15.6), IV 39(2.3) | 5.71(0.04–8.12) |
| Arican A [28] | 2014 | Turkey | Multi-center, cross-sectional | 2010–2011 | NA | 1026 (NA) | 54(22–87) | F | Pre- 801(78) | NA | I 44(4), II 267(26), III 331(32), IV 346(34) | 1.30(0.00–13.70) |
| Kuchuk I [29]d | 2013 | Canada | Single-center, retrospective | 2008–2012 | 2096 | 195 (9.3) | 56 | NA | NA | ER 150(85), PR 126(72), HER2 33(19) | I 21(12), II 38(22), III 39(22), IV 74(42), NA 3(2) | 4.30(0.02–39.34) |
| Chen J [30] | 2013 | China | Single-center, retrospective | 2006–2009 | 360 | 108 (30) | NA | F | Pre- 87(80) | ER 81(75), PR 58 (54), HER2 38(35) | I 14(13), II 48(44), III 46(43) | NA |
| Sung GA [31] | 2013 | Korea. | Single-center, retrospective | 1991–2011 | NA | 110 (NA) | NA | NA | NA | ER 77(70), PR NA, HER2 NA | I 10(9), II 38(35), III 43(39), IV 19(17) | 4.60(3.22–5.99) |
| Sathiakumar N [32] | 2012 | U.S. | Population-based, retrospective | 1999–2006 | 98260 | 7189 (7.3) | 75 | F | NA | NA | I-III 4215(59), IV 2705(38), NA 269(4) | 2.30 |
| Niikura N [33]e | 2011 | U.S. | Single-center, retrospective | 1997–2008 | NA | 351 (NA) | NA | NA | Pre- 143(41) | HR+ 263(75), HER2+ 63(19), TNBC 21(6) | I-III 190(54), IV (BM) 161(46) | 2.75(0.33–11.91) |
| Su JL [34]e | 2011 | Korea. | Single-center, retrospective | 1994–2007 | NA | 146 (NA) | 47(18–76) | NA | NA | HR+ 124(85), HER2+ 12(8), TNBC 10(7) | I 15(10), II 50(34), III 57(39), IV (BM) 24(17) | 6.25(2.33–10.33) |
| Koizumi M [35] | 2010 | Japan | Single-center, prospective | 1989–1998 | 5023 | 690 (13.7) | NA | F | Pre- 356(52) | ER 225(33), PR 324(50), HER2 NA | I 55(8), II 313(45), III 267(39), IV (other than BM) 53(8) | NA |
| Trinkaus M [36] | 2010 | Canada | Two-center, retrospective | 1999–2005 | NA | 87 (NA) | 51 | NA | NA | HR+ 65(75), HER2+ 22(25) | NA | NA |
| Irawan C [37] | 2008 | Indonesia | Single-center, cross-sectional | 1998–2002 | 197 | 48 (24.3) | 47(46–50) | NA | NA | ER 7(17), PR 2(4), HER2 8(8) | NA | – |
| Yavas O [38]f | 2007 | Turkey | Single-center, retrospective | 1996–2003 | 2857 | 248 (8.7) | 46(23–76) | F | Pre- 130(52) | ER 142(57), PR 163(66), HER2 NA | I-III 248(100) | 4.21 |
| Cazzaniga ME [39] | 2006 | Italy | Multi-center, prospective | 2000–2001 | NA | 459 (NA) | 60(28–94) | F | Pre- 60(13) | ER 272(59), PR NA, HER2 NA | I-III NA, IV (BM) 95(21) | 2.33(0.17–3.58)a |
| Briasoulis E [40]g | 2004 | Greece | Two-center, retrospective | 1986–2000 | 2514 | 104 (4.1) | 58(26–79) | F | Pre- 14(13) | ER/PR 65(63), HER2 NA | I-III 60(58), IV 44(42) | NA |
| James JJ [41] | 2003 | U.K. | Single-center, retrospective | 1997–2001 | NA | 212 (NA) | NA | NA | NA | ER 157(74), PR NA, HER2 NA | NA | NA |
| Plunkett TA [42] | 2000 | U.K. | Single-center, retrospective | 1975–1991 | NA | 859 (NA) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Domchek SM [43] | 2000 | U.S. | Single-center, retrospective | 1981–1991 | NA | 718 (NA) | NA | F | NA | ER 359(50), PR NA, HER2 NA | I-III 531(74), IV 187(26) | 8.92 |
THC, time horizon covered; BM, bone metastases; ER, estrogen receptor positive; PR, progesterone receptor positive; HER2: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive; HR+, hormone receptor positive (ER and/or PR) breast cancer; HER2+, HER2 (ER-PR-) breast cancer; TNBC, triple negative breast cancer; Pre-, premenopausal; F, female; NA, not available; F/U, follow-up.
a
The cohort characteristics is of total patients.
b
Median/mean follow-up from the time of bone metastases diagnosis until the date of death, emigration or end of follow-up.
c
Included only spinal bone metastases patients.
d
176 BM patients were included for further analysis.
e
Included bone-only metastases patients.
f
Included only patients with first metastases in bone.
g
Included only patients with metastatic disease remaining confined to bone for a minimum of 24 months.