Table 3.
Crude Cox proportional hazards model and adjusted model using inverse probability treatment weighting by propensity score, showing hazard ratios from a multinomial model involving etanercept, adalimumab, and ustekinumab versus non-biologic therapy1
| Etanercept | Adalimumab | Ustekinumab | All Biologics | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison against all non-biologic systemic therapies, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) | ||||
| Crude | 1.11 (0.79–1.57) | 0.98 (0.74–1.29) | 1.04 (0.70–1.54) | 1.02 (0.80–1.31) |
| Adjusted | 1.10 (0.75–1.60) | 0.93 (0.69–1.26) | 0.92 (0.60–1.41) | 0.96 (0.73–1.27) |
| Concomitant immunosuppressants | 1.05 (0.67–1.64) | 1.09 (0.70–1.68) | ||
| Adjusted 0–6 months | — | — | 2.18 (0.95–5.01) | — |
| Adjusted 6–12 months | — | — | 1.20 (0.51–2.81) | — |
| Adjusted 1–2 years | — | — | 0.73 (0.35–1.53) | — |
| Comparison against methotrexate | ||||
| Crude | 1.37 (0.90–2.07) | 1.19 (0.83–1.71) | 1.26 (0.80–1.99) | 1.31 (0.94–1.84) |
| Adjusted | 1.47 (0.95–2.28) | 1.26 (0.86–1.84) | 1.22 (0.75–1.99) | 1.29 (0.90–1.85) |
| Concomitant immunosuppressants | 1.00 (0.64–1.57) | 1.04 (0.67–1.62) | ||
1
Exposure time with concomitant (methotrexate, cyclosporine, fumaric acid esters, hydroxycarbamide) immunosuppressive medication use is adjusted for, with exposure time to two immunosuppressive therapies classed as concomitant in the non-biologic cohort.