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. 2018 Mar 1;9:890. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03196-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — The metabolic benefits of mural Pparg overexpression depend on adiponectin. a Adiponectin-deficient (Adiponectin^−/−) mice and Adiponectin^−/−; Pdgfrb^rtTA; TRE-Pparg2 (Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG) mice were fed a standard chow diet until 6 weeks of age before being switched to dox-containing HFD. Body weights were measured weekly following the onset of HFD feeding. n = 6 per genotype. Data points represent mean + s.e.m. b Fat mass and lean mass (normalized to body weight) of Adiponectin^−/− and Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG mice after 16 weeks of dox-HFD feeding. n = 6 per genotype. Bars represent mean + s.e.m. c Average adipocyte size in indicated fat depots from control and Mural-Pparg^TG mice after 16 weeks of dox-diet feeding. Bars represent mean + s.e.m. d Fat pad weight (normalized to body weight) of Adiponectin^−/− and Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG mice after 16 weeks of dox-HFD feeding. * denotes p < 0.05 from Student’s t-test. n = 6 per genotype. Bars represent mean + s.e.m. e–l Representative immunofluorescence staining of Perilipin (green) and Mac-2 (red) in e, f gonadal, g, h perirenal WAT, i, j inguinal WAT, and k–l mesenteric WAT paraffin sections obtained from Adiponectin^−/− and Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG mice after 16 weeks of dox-HFD feeding. Scale bar, 200 μm. m Numbers of crown-like structures (Mac-2 positive) in the indicated depots from Adiponectin^−/− and Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG mice after 16 weeks of dox-HFD feeding. * denotes p < 0.05 from Welch’s t-test. n = 24 randomly chosen ×10 magnification fields from six individual animals. Bars represent mean + s.e.m. n Six-hour fasting serum insulin levels in Adiponectin^−/− and Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG mice after 16 weeks of dox-diet feeding. n.s. denotes not statistically significant. n = 6 per genotype. Bars represent mean + s.e.m. o Glucose tolerance tests of Adiponectin^−/− and Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG mice after 16 weeks of dox-diet feeding. n = 6 per genotype. Data points represent mean + s.e.m. p Glucose area under the curve measurements during glucose tolerance test from mice of indicated genotypes after 16 weeks of dox-diet feeding. Two-way ANOVA, *p < 0.05; n.s. denotes not statistically significant; Adiponectin^+/+, n = 8; Adiponectin^+/+; Mural-Pparg^TG, n = 9; Adiponectin^−/−, n = 6; Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG, n = 6. Bars represent mean + s.e.m. q Insulin tolerance test of Adiponectin^−/− and Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG mice after 16 weeks of dox-diet feeding. n = 6 per genotype. Data points represent mean + s.e.m. r Glucose area under the curve measurements during insulin tolerance test from mice of indicated genotypes after 16 weeks of dox-diet feeding. Two-way ANOVA, *p < 0.05; n.s. denotes not statistically significant; Adiponectin^+/+, n = 8; Adiponectin^+/+; Mural-Pparg^TG, n = 9; Adiponectin^−/−, n = 6; Adiponectin^−/−; Mural-Pparg^TG, n = 6. Bars represent mean + s.e.m.