Table 2.

Associations of socio-demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms by gender**.

	Male		Female
	Some DS (N = 845)	High DS (N = 378)	Some DS (N = 1817)	High DS (N = 1165)
Age (years)
<60	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
60-	1.15 (0.96–1.38)	1.35 (1.03–1.76)	0.98 (0.87–1.13)	1.18 (1.01–1.38)
≥70	1.59 (1.33–1.90)	1.71 (1.31–2.24)	1.17 (1.01–1.35)	1.47 (1.23–1.76)
P for trend	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.1076	<0.0001
Marriage
Married	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Widowed	0.39 (0.10–1.59)	1.77 (0.65–4.80)	0.95 (0.79–1.15)	1.18 (0.96–1.45)
Others	0.88 (0.52–1.51)	1.23 (0.60–2.49)	1.23 (0.97–1.56)	1.33 (1.00–1.79)
Education
Elementary or under	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Middle or high  school	1.15 (0.87–1.53)	1.07 (0.71–1.63)	1.05 (0.90–1.22)	0.84 (0.71–1.01)
College or above	1.03 (0.74–1.45)	1.19 (0.73–1.93)	0.98 (0.79–1.22)	0.66 (0.50–0.87)
P for trend	0.7202	0.4232	0.7439	0.0024
Occupation
Manual worker	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Clerical	0.95 (0.79–1.13)	0.77 (0.58–1.02)	0.92 (0.81–1.04)	0.95 (0.82–1.11)
Professional	0.92 (0.75–1.13)	1.00 (0.74–1.34)	0.89 (0.78–1.02)	0.88 (0.74–1.05)
Income(RMB/person/year)*
<6000(4000)	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
6000-(4000-)	0.80 (0.65–0.97)	0.75 (0.56–1.02)	0.82 (0.72–0.93)	0.87 (0.75–1.01)
≥10000(8000)	0.53 (0.38–0.75)	0.65 (0.40–1.04)	0.73 (0.58–0.90)	0.68 (0.51–0.91)
P for trend	0.0001	0.0695	0.0004	0.0075

*Cut points in brackets are for females.

**Low and high depression score represent that participants had depressive symptoms in 1–3 days and ≥4 days, respectively. Age, marriage, education level, occupation and income were mutually adjusted in the polynomial logistic regression.