Table 2.

Characteristics of the different funding scenarios

Funding scenario	Total budget	Annual prevention spending	Flexibility in intervention choices	Perspective of optimization	Years 1 to 5	Years 6 to 10	Years 11 to 15	Years 16 to 20	Years 21 to 25	Years 26 to 30
Complete spending flexibility with change in interventions at year 10	$39Bn over the 30‐year period	Not Predefined: dependent on which intervention strategy is found to be optimal	Intervention choices can change once in the 30‐year period (at year 10)	Intervention choices optimized to those which avert the maximum number of infections for the whole 30‐year period	Prevention spending: 3Bn over the entire intervention period (not preallocated by 5‐year cycles) Treatment spending: $36Bn over the entire intervention period (not preallocated by 5‐year cycles)
Complete spending flexibility	$39Bn over the 30‐year period	Not Predefined: dependent on which intervention strategy is found to be optimal	Intervention choices cannot change over the 30‐year period	Intervention choices optimized for the whole 30‐year period	Prevention spending: 3Bn over the entire intervention period (not preallocated by 5‐year cycles) Treatment spending: $36Bn over the entire intervention period (not preallocated by 5‐year cycles)
Front‐Loaded Funding Cycles	$39Bn over the 30‐year period	Predefined: Decreasing prevention spending across the six 5‐year cycles	Intervention choices can change in each 5‐year cycle	Intervention choices optimized individually for each 5‐ year cycle	Prevention Spending: $857M Treatment Spending: $5340M	Prevention Spending: $714M Treatment Spending: $6181M	Prevention Spending: $571M Treatment Spending: $6385M	Prevention Spending: $428M Treatment Spending: $6290M	Prevention Spending: $286M Treatment Spending: $6119M	Prevention Spending: $143M Treatment Spending: $6001M
Equal Funding Cycles	$39Bn over the 30‐year period	Predefined: Equal prevention spending across the six 5‐year cycles	Intervention choices can change in each 5‐year cycle	Intervention choices optimized individually for each 5‐ year cycle	Prevention spending: $500M Treatment Spending: $5340M	Prevention spending: $500M treatment spending: $6181M	Prevention spending: $500M treatment spending: $6385M	Prevention spending: $500M treatment spending: $6290M	Prevention spending: $500M treatment spending: $6119M	Prevention spending: $500M treatment spending: $6001M
Back‐Loaded Funding Cycles	$39Bn over the 30‐year period	Predefined: increasing prevention spending across the six 5‐year cycles	Intervention choices can change in each 5‐year cycle	Intervention choices optimized individually for each 5‐ year cycle	Prevention Spending: $143M Treatment Spending: $5340M	Prevention Spending: $286M Treatment Spending: $6181M	Prevention Spending: $428MTreatment Spending: $6385M	Prevention Spending: $571M Treatment Spending: $6290M	Prevention Spending: $714M Treatment Spending: $6119M	Prevention Spending: $857M Treatment Spending: $6001M