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. 2018 Mar 2;19:37. doi: 10.1186/s12931-017-0702-y

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© The Author(s). 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Effects of PM2.5 on HBSMCs. a Effects of various TAPM2.5 concentrations on HBSMC apoptosis. b Effects of various WSPM2.5 concentrations on HBSMC apoptosis. c and d Effects of PM2.5 (15 μg/ml TAPM2.5 or 3 μg/ml WSPM2.5) on HBSMC apoptosis. e Effects of PM2.5 on HBSMC number. f and g Evaluation of cell proliferation by EdU incorporation. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.001 compared with the control