Table 1. Model parameters and their typical values.

Rate constant	Event	Value	Source
kNFκB	Production of NF-κB	9×10−5 molecules s-1	Fit
kImpNFκB	Import of NF-κB into the nucleus	9×10−2 s-1	[68]
kOn	Association of NF-κB with HIV-1 LTR	2.1×10−5 molecules-1 s-1	[50]
kOff	Dissociation of NF-κB–LTR complex	9.9×10−3 s-1	[50]
kBasal	Basal transcription of HIV-1	6.1×10−3 s-1	Fit
kExpmRNA	Export of HIV-1 mRNA to cytoplasm	7.2×10−4 s-1	[40]
kProtein	Translation of HIV-1 proteins	10−2 s-1
kTat	Translation of Tat	1.3×10−3 s-1
kImpTat	Import of Tat into the nucleus	5.1×10−3 s-1
kBind	Association of Tat with NF-κB bound LTR	1.5×10−4 molecules-1 s-1
kUnbind	Dissociation of Tat–LTR complex	1.7×10−2 s-1
kAcetyl	Acetylation of LTR associated Tat	10−3 s-1
kDeacetyl	Deacetylation of LTR associated Tat	0.13 s-1
kTransact	Tat-induced transcription of HIV-1	0.1 s-1
δmRNA	Degradation of HIV-1 mRNA	4.8×10−5 s-1
δTat	Degradation of Tat	4.3×10−5 s-1
δProtein	Degradation of viral proteins	5×10−5 s-1
δNFκB	Degradation of NF-κB	2.8×10−5 s-1	[69]
ϕPKCa	Fold increase in kNFκB due to a PKC agonist	≥1
ϕHDACi	Fold increase in kBasal and kTransact due to an HDACi	≥1