Fig. 2. Upregulation of ER stress proteins and calnexin.
a Expression of ER stress-related proteins in the two OSCC cell lines. β-Actin was used as loading standard. All protein bands were related to their respective control set to unity and corrected by the relative intensity of the loading control by using the densitometry function in ImageJ. b Immunofluorescence staining of calnexin in OSCC cell lines post 24 h of erufosine treatment. An increase in overall fluorescence intensity of calnexin in HN-5 and SCC-61 was seen (b, d) between control and treated cells. This was confirmed by CTCF (c, e), which was significantly increased in the two cell lines (p < 0.001). The CTCF was calculated as follows: (corrected total cell fluorescence) = integrated density − (area of selected cell × mean fluorescence of background readings). The experiment shows an average of three independent repeats.