Table 2. Regression Results for the Association Between NAFLD and MRI Brain Measures.

MRI Brain Measurea	Modelb	No.	β (SE)	P Value
Total cerebral brain volumec	1	766	−0.34 (0.094)	<.001
	2	736	−0.28 (0.10)	.007
	3	688	−0.26 (0.11)	.02
Hippocampal volumec	1	762	0.15 (0.095)	.12
	2	732	0.21 (0.11)	.05
	3	684	0.21 (0.11)	.06
White matter hyperintensitiesc	1	766	−0.093 (0.095)	.33
	2	736	−0.051 (0.10)	.63
	3	688	−0.016 (0.11)	.89
Covert brain infarct (yes vs no)d	1	766	1.13 (0.65-1.94)e	.67
	2	736	1.64 (0.90-2.97)e	.10
	3	688	1.64 (0.85-3.16)e	.14

Abbreviations: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

^aExpressed as SD increment of age and age-squared adjusted residuals.

^bModel 1 is adjusted for age at MRI, age-squared at MRI, sex, alcohol (drinks per week), years between computed tomographic scan and covariate assessment, and years between computed tomographic scan and MRI. Model 2 is adjusted for model 1 covariates plus visceral adipose tissue, body mass index, and menopausal status. Model 3 is adjusted for model 2 covariates plus systolic blood pressure, hypertension, levels for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipid treatment, current smoking, diabetes, history of cardiovascular disease, physical activity index, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and levels for C-reactive protein and homocysteine.

^cExpressed as percentage of total cranial volume.

^dCovert brain infarct models are not adjusted for menopausal status, owing to the lack of covert brain infarcts occurring in nonmenopausal women.

^eOdds ratio (95% CI).