Table 3. Surgeon Feedback on Future Applications of Virtual Surgery Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations.

Categorya	Specific Surgeon Feedback
Patient counseling	“…the undecided patient and the patient I am unsure how much benefit they will get from surgery.” “…the patient with symptoms out of proportion to their physical exam or radiographic findings.” “…benefit in the patient who you treat medically, and they say they have not improved…you can show them that they have improved.”
Determining appropriate surgical candidates	“…beneficial with patients who are higher surgical risk…and could predict if worth the risk to go to the operating room.” “…can show patients that surgery will not get them much benefit over their medical treatment.”
Anatomic site to target when operating	“A septoplasty may have more benefit than just a turbinate…determining if turbinate [surgery] actually help.” “You could see the situations where doing the turbinate reduction whether bilateral or unilateral would be beneficial.”
Other applications in otolaryngology	“Very helpful in preadolescent cleft patients with nasal obstruction because they have unique anatomic obstructions.” “…useful for a fixed obstruction, such as subglottic stenosis or tracheal stenosis, in order to know how wide to open to improve airflow.”

^aSummary of the categories for future uses of virtual surgery.