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. 2018 Jan 19;9(2):63. doi: 10.1038/s41419-017-0094-4

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a The expression of CDH1 (E-cadherin) and CDH2 (N-cadherin) in ZR-75-30 cells that overexpressed Flag-PPIL2 was detected using immunofluorescence, and the level of PPIL2 was confirmed in Fig. 1h. b The expression of CDH1 and CDH2 in MCF-7 cell transfected with siPPIL2 and Flag-PPIL2 was detected using immunofluorescence, and the level of PPIL2 was confirmed in Fig. 1j. c Western blot was used to detect the level of EMT markers in ZR-75-30 cells overexpressed with PPIL2. CDH1 and cytokeratin 18 are epithelial EMT markers. CDH2, vimentin, and fibronectin are mesenchymal markers. d The protein level of EMT markers in MCF-7 cells was examined using western blot when PPIL2 was silenced or restored. e Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed the influence PPIL2 has on the binding of SNAI1 to the E-box of the CDH1 promoter in ZR-75-30 cells. f RT-PCR analysis showed the mRNA levels of CDH1 and CDH2 with PPIL2 overexpression in ZR-75-30 cells. g, h Reporter-gene assay showed the regulation of CDH1 and CDH2 luciferase reporter activity by PPIL2 overexpression in ZR-75-30 cells. Each bar represents the mean ± S.D. from five independent experiments. **P < 0.01. i RT-PCR analysis showed the mRNA levels of CDH1 and CDH2 with PPIL2 knockdown and restoration in MCF-7 cells. j, k Reporter-gene assay showed the regulation of CDH1 and CDH2 luciferase reporter activity by PPIL2 silencing and restoration in MCF-7 cells. Each bar represents the mean ± S.D. from five independent experiments. **P < 0.01. ns no significant difference