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Schematic drawing showing various hypotheses and proposals concerning the mechanisms of atrial fibrillation. (A) Multiple wavelets hypothesis. (B) Rapidly discharging automatic foci. (C) Single reentrant circuit with fibrillatory conduction. (D) Functional reentry resulting from rotors or spiral waves. (E) AF maintenance resulting from dissociation between epicardial and endocardial layers, with mutual interaction producing multiplying activity that maintains the arrhythmia.
