Figure 1. Positive effects of HN against oxidative stress through the activation of antioxidants and Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA).

Proposed model of the stimulatory effect of HN on CMA, where HN interacts with HSP90 at the cytosolic side to enhance CMA activity under basal and stress condition (oxidative stress) could be used as a therapeutic tool in some age-related diseases where CMA activity is decreased. Abbreviations: HN: humanin, L2A: lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A, ROS: reactive oxygen species, RNS: reactive nitrogen species.