Table 3.

Relationship between early exposure to neighborhood deprivation and alcohol use disorder (AUD) during adolescence and emerging adulthood

	Males (N=452,598)		Females (N=431,371)
	AUD by age 18 OR (95% CI)	AUD between ages 19–24 OR (95% CI)	AUD by age 18 OR (95% CI)	AUD between ages 19–24 OR (95% CI)
Neighborhood deprivation ages 0–6	1.34 (1.28, 1.41)	1.48 (1.43, 1.55)	1.32 (1.26, 1.39)	1.35 (1.29, 1.42)
	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
Neighborhood deprivation ages 0–6	1.14 (1.08, 1.20)	1.22 (1.17, 1.27)	1.12 (1.06, 1.18)	1.16 (1.10, 1.21)
Parent externalizing behavior	1.85 (1.76, 1.95)	2.16 (2.08, 2.25)	1.86 (1.77, 1.96)	2.04 (1.95, 2.14)
Family social welfare	1.73 (1.59, 1.87)	1.73 (1.62, 1.84)	1.71 (1.58, 1.86)	1.49 (1.37, 1.60)
Parental unemployment	0.96 (0.87, 1.06)	0.96 (0.89, 1.04)	1.00 (0.90, 1.10)	0.91 (0.83, 1.00)
Low parental education	1.21 (1.13, 1.29)	1.33 (1.26, 1.40)	1.10 (1.02, 1.18)	1.05 (0.98, 1.21)
Low family income	1.40 (1.29, 1.51)	1.39 (1.31, 1.48)	1.40 (1.30, 1.51)	1.36 (1.27, 1.46)
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Neighborhood deprivation ages 7–12	1.36 (1.27, 1.41)	1.45 (1.39, 1.51)	1.26 (1.19, 1.33)	1.27 (1.21, 1.34)
	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
Neighborhood deprivation ages 7–12	1.11 (1.05, 1.17)	1.16 (1.11, 1.21)	1.04 (0.99, 1.10)	1.07 (1.02, 1.13)
Parent externalizing behavior	1.86 (1.77, 1.96)	2.18 (2.09, 2.27)	1.88 (1.78, 1.98)	2.06 (1.96, 2.16)
Family social welfare	1.73 (1.59, 1.87)	1.73 (1.62, 1.84)	1.72 (1.59, 1.87)	1.49 (1.38, 1.61)
Parental unemployment	0.96 (0.87, 1.06)	0.96 (0.89, 1.04)	1.00 (0.91, 1.11)	0.91 (0.83, 1.00)
Low parental education	1.21 (1.12, 1.29)	1.33 (1.26, 1.40)	1.10 (1.03, 1.19)	1.06 (0.99, 1.13)
Low family income	1.40 (1.30, 1.51)	1.40 (1.32, 1.49)	1.41 (1.31, 1.52)	1.37 (1.28, 1.47)
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Neighborhood deprivation ages 0–6	1.23 (1.15, 1.31)	1.34 (1.28, 1.40)	1.26 (1.18, 1.34)	1.29 (1.22, 1.37)
Neighborhood deprivation ages 7–12	1.18 (1.11, 1.26)	1.22 (1.16, 1.28)	1.10 (1.03, 1.17)	1.09 (1.03, 1.16)
Neighborhood deprivation ages 0–6	1.11 (1.04, 1.18)	1.19 (1.13, 1.25)	1.14 (1.07, 1.21)	1.17 (1.10, 1.24)
Neighborhood deprivation ages 7–12	1.04 (0.98, 1.12)	1.05 (1.00, 1.11)	0.97 (0.91, 1.04)	0.98 (0.93, 1.04)
Parent externalizing behavior	1.85 (1.76, 1.95)	2.16 (2.08, 2.25)	1.89 (1.77, 1.97)	2.04 (1.95, 2.14)
Family social welfare	1.72 (1.59, 1.87)	1.72 (1.61, 1.83)	1.72 (1.59, 1.86)	1.48 (1.37, 1.60)
Parental unemployment	0.96 (0.86, 1.06)	0.96 (0.89, 1.04)	1.00 (0.90, 1.10)	0.91 (0.83, 1.00)
Low parental education	1.20 (1.12, 1.29)	1.32 (1.26, 1.39)	1.10 (1.03, 1.18)	1.05 (0.98, 1.12)
Low family income	1.39 (1.29, 1.51)	1.39 (1.31, 1.47)	1.40 (1.30, 1.51)	1.36 (1.17, 1.46)