Table 6.

Coefficients from full structural equation model

	Males (N=452,598)		Females (N=431,371)
	Estimate	95% CIs	Estimate	95% CIs
Latent variable (Family SES)
Family SES by Social Welfare Benefits	0.686	(0.679, 0.693)	0.703	(0.696, 0.710)
Family SES by Unemployment Benefits	0.272	(0.264. 0.280)	0.272	(0.264, 0.281)
Family SES by Low Parental Education	0.562	(0.555, 0.568)	0.554	(0.547, 0.560)
Family SES by Low Income	0.642	(0.635, 0.648)	0.629	(0.623, 0.635)
Path estimates
Neighborhood Deprivation ages 0–6 on Parent Externalizing	0.280	(0.275, 0.285)	0.285	(0.280, 0.290)
Neighborhood Deprivation ages 7–12 on Family SES	0.174	(0.169, 0.179)	0.174	(0.169, 0.179)
Neighborhood Deprivation ages 7–12 on Neighborhood Deprivation ages 0–6	0.753	(0.750, 0.755)	0.751	(0.748, 0.754)
School Achievement on Family SES	−0.437	(−0.441, −0.443)	−0.446	(−0.450, −0.441)
School Achievement on Neighborhood Deprivation ages 7–12	−0.081	(−0.085, −0.077)	−0.069	(−0.073, −0.065)
Poor Social Functioning on Parent Externalizing	0.099	(0.060, 0.139)	0.090	(0.041, 0.147)
Poor Social Functioning on Family SES	0.224	(0.181, 0.267)	0.169	(0.109, 0.229)
Poor Social Functioning on School Achievement	−0.329	(−0.349, −0.308)	−0.316	(−0.340, −0.291)
AUD before 18 on Parent Externalizing	0.082	(0.059, 0.104)	0.100	(0.076, 0.123)
AUD before 18 on Family SES	0.072	(0.042, 0.100)	0.035	(0.004, 0.065)
AUD before 18 on School Achievement	−0.170	(−0.181, −0.159)	−0.186	(−0.198, −0.175)
AUD in Emerging Adulthood on Parent Externalizing	0.038	(0.021, 0.056)	0.047	(0.030, 0.065)
AUD in Emerging Adulthood on AUD before 18	0.395	(0.380, 0.410)	0.383	(0.365, 0.400)
AUD in Emerging Adulthood on Poor Social Functioning	0.376	(0.354, 0.398)	0.255	(0.229, 0.281)
Correlations
Family SES with Parent Externalizing	0.660	(0.655, 0.666)	0.672	(0.667, 0.678)

Note: Substantive pathways with non−overlapping 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for males and females in bold type.