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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Stem Cell. 2018 Feb 8;22(3):325–339. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.01.014

Figure 1. Musculoskeletal tissues with high incidence of injuries and degeneration.

Figure 1

The skeleton, joints, cartilage, intervertebral disc (IVD), tendons, ligaments and muscles are part of the musculoskeletal system, which provides stability and motion. Musculoskeletal diseases due to injuries and degeneration are one of the major causes of pain and disability. Cell therapies for musculoskeletal tissue repair are at different levels of evidence in clinical trials. For implantation of these cells, various delivery approaches are being used to optimize viability and minimize patient duress.