Table 2.

Published temperatures $T_c$ of the experimental lamellar gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition of phosphatidylcholines 16:0/18:1(n-9)cis PC

Lipid	$T_c$ (K)	Method	Refs.
16:0/18:1(n-9)cis PC	266.15a	Raman spectr.	Lavialle and Levin (1980)
	268.15	DSC	Kruyff et al. (1973)
	268.15	2H NMR	Waespe-Sarcevic (1978
			Perly et al. (1985) and Ghosh (1988)
	268.15	SANS	Winter and Pilgrim (1989)
	268.55 ± 0.07b	DSC	Tada et al. (2009)
	268.55	DSC	Tada et al. (2010)
	268.65	DSC	Santaren et al. (1982)
	270.15	DSC	Davis et al. (1980) and Dekker et al. (1983)
			Curatolo et al. (1985)
			Lynch and Steponkus (1989)
	270.55 ± 0.2	DSC	Davis et al. (1981) and Keough (1986)
	270.65	DSC	Swaney (1980)
	270.65a	Raman spectr.	Lavialle and Levin (1980)
	270.65	Raman spectr.	Litman et al. (1991)
	270.65 ± 0.2	DSC	Hernandez-Borrell and Keough (1993)
	271.15	DSC	Curatolo (1985) and Curatolo (1986)
	271.55	DSC	Ichimori et al. (1999)
	271.65c	Raman spectr.	Lavialle and Levin (1980)
	272.95 ± 0.77	DSC	Bryant et al. (1992)
	276.15	Hydrol. meas.	Kamp et al. (1975)
	270.65 ± 2.4	lipid database	Koynova and Caffrey (1998)

DSC differential scanning calorimetry, ${}^2$ H NMR deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance, SANS small-angle neutron scattering, Hydrol. meas. hydrolysis measure. $T_c$ is the temperature averaged over the gel to liquid-crystalline and liquid-crystalline to gel phase transition temperatures, i.e., the heating and cooling transition temperatures, in all cases when a hysteresis was observed. The $T_c$ values for each lipid are presented in order of increasing temperature; values from the lipid database (Koynova and Caffrey 1998) are also presented in the end of the experimental data list.

^aThe existence of metastable forms for the pure 16:0/18:1(n-9)cis PC liposomes was detected in Ref. Lavialle and Levin (1980). The $I_{2940}$/$I_{2885}$ peak height intensity ratio as index was used (interchain disorder-order parameter), where $I_{2940}$ and $I_{2885}$ represent the peak height intensities for 2940- and 2885-$c{m}^{-1}$ transitions.

^bAqueous 50 wt% ethylene glycol solution.

^cThe $I_{1100}$/$I_{1130}$ peak height intensity ratio as index was used (intramolecular gauche-trans isomerization parameter), where $I_{1100}$ and $I_{1130}$ represent the peak height intensities for 1100- and 1130-$c{m}^{-1}$ transitions, respectively