Figure 5.

HL156A regulates the insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and AMP‐activated protein kinase/nuclear factor kappa B (AMPK/NF‐κB) signaling in FaDu and YD‐10B cells. A, Cells were treated with HL156A (40 μmol/L) for the indicated times, and the total protein was subjected to western blotting analysis using antibodies against IGF‐1R, AKT, mTOR, p70S6K, ERK1/2, and GSK‐3. B, Expression and activation of AMPK and NF‐κB were detected with western blotting. Numbers represent relative density normalized to actin