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. 2018 Feb 26;9:200. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00200

Figure 2.

Figure 2

IL-36 stimulates endothelial cell tubulogenesis. (A) Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cocultured on a bed of primary human fibroblasts for 9 days and stimulated with either IL-36 (50 ng/ml) or VEGF-A (10 ng/ml). Cocultures were then fixed and stained for PECAM-1, before visualisation using immunofluorescence microscopy. (B,C) Quantification of (B) total tubule length or (C) number of branches upon IL-36 stimulation. (D,E) Quantification of (D) total tubule length or (E) number of branches upon VEGF-A stimulation. Scale bar represents 1,000 µm (n = 3). One-way analysis of variance was performed (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001).