Skip to main content

View full-text article in PMC

. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 4.

Published in final edited form as: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2017 Dec 20;27(3):268–273. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-17-0592

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of Golestan Cohort Study participants according to opium consumption.

Variable	Opium consumption
Variable	None	<81 nokhod-year	≥81 nokhod-year	P value
Number of participants, n (%)	41,545 (83.0)	6,773 (13.5)	1,727 (3.5)	–
Age at baseline (year), mean±SD	51.81±8.83	52.87±9.09	54.86±9.37	<0.001
Follow up (year), mean±SD	8.06+1.65	7.60+2.02	7.26+2.13	<0.001
Sex (female), n (%)	26,458 (63.7)	2,099 (31.0)	254 (14.7)	<0.001
Ethnicity (Turkmen), n (%)	30,693 (73.9)	5,115 (75.5)	1445 (83.7)	<0.001
Residence (rural), n (%)	32,516 (78.3)	5,903 (87.2)	1592 (92.2)	<0.001
BMI (Kg/m²), mean ± SD	27.25±5.36	23.98±5.02	23.15±4.70	<0.001
Ever smoking, n (%)	4,171 (10.0)	3,298 (48.7)	1,188 (68.8)	<0.001
Current smoking, n (%)	3,022 (7.3)	2,845 (42.0)	1,072 (62.1)	<0.001
Smoking (Pack-year), mean ± SD	1.50±7.09	8.10±14.78	17.56±22.44	<0.001
Alcohol consumption, n (%)	802 (1.9)	629 (9.3)	298 (17.3)	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	2,902 (7.0)	486 (7.2)	56 (3.2)	<0.001

BMI, body mass index