Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population.
| Noninfected n = 48 |
IND n = 53 |
A + B n = 49 |
C + D n = 50 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 55 ± 13 | 52 ± 11 | 61 ± 10∗† | 58 ± 13∗† |
| Male | 16 (32%) | 24 (45%) | 16 (33%) | 26 (52%) |
| Geographic origin | ||||
| North | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (2%) |
| Northeast | 36 (75%) | 42 (79%) | 27 (55%)† | 35 (70%) |
| Midwest | 0 | 0 | 1 (2%) | 2 (4%) |
| Southeast | 12 (25%) | 8 (15%) | 21 (43%)† | 12 (24%) |
| South | 0 | 3 (5%) | 0 | 0 |
| Hypertension | 26 (55%) | 25 (47%) | 26 (53%) | 21 (42%) |
| Diabetes | 10 (20%) | 6 (11%) | 4 (8%) | 5 (10%) |
| CAD | 4 (8%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) |
| Dyslipidemia | 15 (31%) | 12 (23%) | 15 (31%) | 13 (26%) |
| Smoking habits | 2 (4%) | 2 (4%) | 3 (6%) | 1 (2%) |
| LVEF, % | 65 ± 10 | 71 ± 7 | 63 ± 13† | 35 ± 11∗†‡ |
| Medication | ||||
| ACE inhibitor | — | 15 (28%) | 20 (41%) | 29 (58%) |
| ARB | — | 4 (8%) | 17 (35%) | 21 (42%) |
| Spironolactone | — | 0 | 6 (12%) | 39 (78%) |
| Carvedilol | — | 0 | 15 (31%) | 48 (96%) |
| Amiodarone | — | 0 | 7 (14%) | 18 (36%) |
| Furosemide | — | 0 | 8 (16%) | 46 (92%) |
| Digoxin | — | 0 | 2 (4%) | 21 (42%) |
| Warfarin | — | 0 | 9 (18%) | 20 (40%) |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | — | 13 (25%) | 16 (33%) | 11 (22%) |
| Simvastatin | — | 16 (30%) | 17 (35%) | 20 (40%) |
ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB: angiotensin receptor blockers; CAD: coronary artery disease; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction n (%). ∗P < 0.05 versus noninfected, †P < 0.05 versus patients with the indeterminate form, and ‡P < 0.05 versus patients at stage A or B of the cardiac form.