Table 1.
Onset of exposure and glucose‐lowering effect for fast‐acting insulin aspart (faster aspart) versus insulin aspart (IAsp) in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes including the same comparison in Caucasians13
| Japanese | Caucasians | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faster aspart† | IAsp† | Treatment ratio‡ (95% CI) | Treatment difference¶ (95% CI) | P‐value§ | Treatment ratio‡ (95% CI) | Treatment difference¶ (95% CI) | P‐value§ | |
| Onset of exposure | ||||||||
| Onset of appearance (min) | 3.0 | 7.1 | 0.42 (0.32–0.53) | −4.1 (−5.0, −3.2) | <0.001 | 0.46 (0.41–0.50) | −4.9 (−5.3, −4.4) | <0.001 |
| t Early 50% Cmax (min) | 19.1 | 29.3 | 0.65 (0.59–0.72) | −10.2 (−12.3, −8.0) | <0.001 | 0.70 (0.67–0.74) | −9.5 (−10.7, −8.3) | <0.001 |
| t max (min) | 53.4 | 68.7 | 0.78 (0.67–0.90) | −15.4 (−24.1, −6.6) | 0.001 | 0.89 (0.84–0.95) | −7.3 (−11.1, −3.6) | <0.001 |
| Onset of glucose‐lowering effect | ||||||||
| Onset of action (min) | 20.2 | 25.5 | 0.79 (0.69–0.91) | −5.3 (−8.4, −2.2) | 0.001 | 0.77 (0.69–0.85) | −4.9 (−6.9, −3.0) | <0.001 |
| t Early 50% GIRmax (min) | 37.5 | 47.4 | 0.79 (0.74–0.84) | −10.0 (−12.8, −7.1) | <0.001 | 0.79 (0.73–0.86) | −9.5 (−12.5, −6.4) | <0.001 |
| t GIRmax (min) | 119.4 | 138.0 | 0.87 (0.77–0.97) | −18.5 (−32.9, −4.2) | 0.013 | 0.92 (0.87–0.97) | −10.5 (−17.0, −4.0) | 0.002 |
†Data are least squares means. ‡Faster aspart/IAsp (calculated using Fieller's method). ¶Faster aspart – IAsp. §For treatment comparison of faster aspart versus IAsp. CI, confidence interval; t Early 50% Cmax, time to 50% of maximum insulin concentration in the early part of the pharmacokinetic profile; t Early 50% GIRmax, time to 50% of maximum glucose infusion rate in the early part of the glucose infusion rate profile; t GIRmax, time to maximum glucose infusion rate; t max, time to maximum insulin concentration.