Table 1.
The main characteristics of metabolomics studies on diabetic coronary artery disease
| Reference | Group | Type | Platform | Altered metabolites | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kirschenlohr et al. (2006) | 244 male patients, 44 of coronary arteries (NCAs), 56 with 1‐VD, 69 with 2‐VD and 75 with 3‐VD | Serum | 1H NMR | Detection of CAD by 1H NMR with >99% confidence was very weak compared with angiography | |
| Zhang et al. (2014) | 21 patients in glipizide group and 23 patients in metformin group | Serum | LC‐QTOFMS | The differential therapeutic effects of metformin and glipizide on comprehensive lipidomics were comparable with their different long‐term effects on cardiovascular outcomes | |
| Badeau et al. (2014) | 26 placebo and 25 rosiglitazone treatment groups | Serum | NMR | Glutamine↑; lactate↓ | Serum lactate and glutamine concentrations changed after short‐term rosiglitazone treatment in T2DM patients with CHD, reflecting improvements in insulin sensitivity. Circulating lactate concentrations were inversely correlated with increases in myocardial glucose uptake |
| Wu et al. (2015) | 292 T2DM with HBP, T2DM with NAFLD, T2DM with HBP and NAFLD, T2DM with HBP and CHD, and T2DM with HBP, NAFLD, and CHD | Serum | UPLC‐QTOFMS | 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxymandelic acid ↑ in T2DM with HBP, NAFLD, and CHD compared with T2DM with HBP and NAFLD | The broad‐spectrum metabolic changes emphasize the complex abnormalities present among these complications with elevated blood glucose levels |
CAD, coronary artery disease; CHD, coronary heart disease; 1H NMR, proton nuclear magnetic resonance; HBP, high blood pressure; LC‐QTOFMS, liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry; NAFLD, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease; NCAs, normal coronary arteries; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TCA, tricarboxylic acid; UPLC‐QTOFMS, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry; VD, vascular disease.