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Pulmonary inflammation induced by repeated inhalation of the SM in rats. (A) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), (B) interleukin-6 (IL-6), (C) interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), (D) transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), (E) monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in BALF. Male rats inhaled aerosolic SM for 2 weeks. The values are reported as the mean ± SE.
