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. 2018 Jan 31;28:210–224. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.01.012

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Liver circadian rhythm is also advanced in STZ-treated mice following a protein-only diet. (a) The left graph shows average relative waveforms of hepatic in vivo PER2::LUC bioluminescence in STZ-treated mice of the Control and 100P/0C groups. The right graph shows average peak phases of in vivo PER2::LUC rhythms. Intact-Control: n = 8; Intact-100P/0C: n = 6; STZ-Control: n = 4; STZ-100P/0C: n = 6. (b) Experimental schedule. The orange triangles indicate feeding times of the 100P/0C diet at ZT 5 for 2 consecutive days. The red arrow indicates dissection time. (c) Relative hepatic mRNA expression levels. (d) Serum glucagon levels. (e) Serum IGF-1 levels. (f) Hepatic IGF-1 levels. Intact-Control: n = 5; Intact-100P/0C: n = 6; STZ-Control: n = 5; STZ-100P/0C: n = 5. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (vs. Control) by the Student t-test; ##P < 0.01 (vs. Control) by the Mann-Whitney test. †P < 0.05, ††P < 0.01 by Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn post-hoc test. &&P < 0.01, &&&P < 0.001 (vs. Intact-Control), %%P < 0.01, %%%P < 0.001 (vs. STZ-Control), $$P < 0.01 (vs. Intact-100P/0C) by two-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test.