Table 1.

Association of clinicopathological parameters with PD-L1, PD-L2, PD-1, and CTLA4 promoter methylation in diffuse lower-grade glioma patients (n = 419).

Variable	All patients	[%]	Mean PD-L1 methylation [%]	p-Value	Mean PD-L2 methylation [%]	p-Value	Mean PD-1 methylation [%]	p-Value	Mean CTLA4 methylation [%]	p-Value
All patients	419	100.0	36.11		64.49		47.61		91.97
Gender
Male	231	55.1	36.56	0.31c	64.91	0.57c	48.8	0.081c	92.31	0.24c
Female	187	44.6	35.57		63.88		46.53		91.55
Unknown	1	0.2
Age [years]
Mean	40.87
Median	39
≤ 41 years	245	58.5	35.95	0.94c	62.75	0.003c	49.71	0.015c	91.87	0.43c
> 41 years	173	41.3	36.36		66.87		45.05		92.12
WHO classification (2016)
IDH-mut, 1p/19q-codel	169	40.3	36.43	0.44c	74.89	< 0.001c	44.76	0.002c	92.52	0.028c
IDH-mut, 1p/19q-non-codel	250	59.7	35.9		57.46		49.96		91.61
Methylation subgroupsa
LGm1	45	10.7	30.59	< 0.001b	50.57	< 0.001b	40.48	0.001b	88.18	< 0.001b
LGm2	251	59.9	36.72		60.82		50.06		92.32
LGm3	123	29.4	36.9		77.06		46.07		92.66
MGMT promoter statusa
Methylated	389	92.84	36.43	< 0.001c	65.33	< 0.001c	47.44	0.068c	92.12	0.11c
Unmethylated	30	7.2	31.9		53.58		53.29		90.06
ATRX status
Mutant	181	43.2	36.19	0.79	57.86	< 0.001c	51.15	0.001c	91.71	0.63c
Wildtype	238	56.8	36.05		69.53		45.36		92.17
TERT promoter status
Mutant	93	22.2	36.94	0.035c	73.53	< 0.001c	45.47	< 0.001c	93.22	< 0.001c
Wildtype	143	34.1	36.69		58.19		52.6		92.45
Unknown	183	43.7

^aData taken from Ceccarelli et al. (2016).

^bData taken from Kruskal-Wallis test.

^cData taken from Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test.