Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of participants in rural and urban survey sites
|
Total (N=28 891) |
Karonga (rural; n=13 878) |
Lilongwe (urban; n=15 013) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men (n=11 062) | Women (n=17 829) | Men (n=5849) | Women (n=8029) | Men (n=5213) | Women (n=9800) | ||
| Study participant median age, years | 32·1 (23·3–44·2) | 31·4 (24·1–41·6) | 34·3 (24·8–47·4) | 34·7 (25·7–48·4) | 29·9 (22·4–39·9) | 29·7 (23·4–37·7) | |
| Estimated population median age, years* | ·· | ·· | 34·4 | 35·0 | 34·4 | 29·9 | |
| Age group, years | |||||||
| 18–29 | 4873 (44%) | 8003 (45%) | 2249 (38%) | 2943 (37%) | 2624 (50%) | 5016 (51%) | |
| 30–39 | 2721 (25%) | 4742 (27%) | 1420 (24%) | 1981 (25%) | 1301 (25%) | 2761 (28%) | |
| 40–49 | 1519 (14%) | 2256 (13%) | 904 (15%) | 1231 (15%) | 615 (12%) | 1025 (10%) | |
| 50–59 | 907 (8%) | 1387 (8%) | 576 (10%) | 835 (10%) | 331 (6%) | 552 (6%) | |
| 60–69 | 533 (5%) | 814 (5%) | 317 (5%) | 521 (6%) | 216 (4%) | 293 (3%) | |
| ≥70 | 509 (5%) | 627 (4%) | 383 (7%) | 474 (6%) | 126 (2%) | 153 (2%) | |
| Mean age, years† | 36·6 (15·7) | 35·3 (14·6) | 38·3 (16·5) | 38·6 (16·3) | 33·5 (13·8) | 32·7 (12·5) | |
| Wealth quintiles | |||||||
| Poorest | 1955 (18%) | 3322 (19%) | 1425 (24%) | 2146 (27%) | 530 (10%) | 1176 (12%) | |
| Second | 2503 (23%) | 3724 (21%) | 1918 (33%) | 2542 (32%) | 585 (11%) | 1182 (12%) | |
| Third | 2090 (19%) | 3441 (19%) | 1163 (20%) | 1566 (20%) | 927 (18%) | 1875 (19%) | |
| Fourth | 2503 (23%) | 4158 (23%) | 952 (16%) | 1257 (16%) | 1551 (30%) | 2901 (30%) | |
| Wealthiest | 1912 (17%) | 3046 (17%) | 391 (7%) | 518 (6%) | 1521 (29%) | 2528 (26%) | |
| Missing data | 99 (1%) | 138 (1%) | 0 | 0 | 99 (2%) | 138 (1%) | |
| Educational achievement | |||||||
| None | 173 (2%) | 965 (5%) | 99 (2%) | 496 (6%) | 74 (1%) | 469 (5%) | |
| Standard 1–5 | 886 (8%) | 2324 (13%) | 635 (11%) | 1368 (17%) | 251 (5%) | 956 (10%) | |
| Standard 6–8 | 3195 (29%) | 6367 (36%) | 2430 (42%) | 4088 (51%) | 765 (15%) | 2279 (23%) | |
| Secondary | 5507 (50%) | 6849 (38%) | 2513 (43%) | 2000 (25%) | 2994 (57%) | 4849 (49%) | |
| Post secondary | 1301 (12%) | 1324 (7%) | 172 (3%) | 77 (1%) | 1129 (22%) | 1247 (13%) | |
| Employment | |||||||
| Not working | 2872 (26%) | 2946 (17%) | 1037 (18%) | 747 (9%) | 1835 (35%) | 2199 (22%) | |
| Housework | 398 (4%) | 5069 (28%) | 70 (1%) | 767 (10%) | 328 (6%) | 4302 (44%) | |
| Subsistence | 3397 (31%) | 5323 (30%) | 3367 (58%) | 5278 (66%) | 30 (1%) | 45 (<1%) | |
| Self-employed | 1912 (17%) | 2785 (16%) | 851 (15%) | 1042 (13%) | 1061 (20%) | 1743 (18%) | |
| Salaried | 2483 (22%) | 1706 (10%) | 524 (9%) | 195 (2%) | 1959 (38%) | 1511 (15%) | |
Data are n (%), median (IQR), or mean (SD).
*
Complete data on age were not available for urban residents who did not participate in the study.
†
p value for difference in mean age between men and women was 0·0002 in the total population, 0·022 in Karonga (rural), and 0·0002 in Lilongwe (urban).