Table 1.

Per‐Capita Annual Household Health Spending (in INR), Per‐Capita Household Health Spending as Percentage of Monthly Per‐Capita Expenditure, and Catastrophic Health Spending by Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics in India, 2011‐2012a

	Annual PCE	Annual PHS	Annual PIHS	Annual PNHS	HHS as % of PCE	Annual CHS
Sector
Rural	17,398	1,156	375	781	6.6	24.8
Urban	31,994	1,768	626	1,142	5.5	20.5
Number of elderly
No elderly	21,655	1,233	406	827	5.7	22.0
1	21,175	1,619	549	1,070	7.6	29.7
2	21,388	1,983	770	1,214	9.3	32.6
3+	21,946	2,599	1,370	1,229	11.8	31.1
Age
Less than 30	24,431	1,260	333	926	5.2	26.8
30‐44	20,656	1,133	359	774	5.5	19.3
45‐64	21,817	1,353	471	883	6.2	22.5
65 and above	21,714	1,924	708	1,215	8.9	37.5
Sex
Male	21,421	1,302	437	864	6.1	21.8
Female	23,107	1,635	544	1,091	7.1	36.0
Marital status
Currently married	21,204	1,299	433	867	6.1	21.9
Other	24,506	1,583	559	1,024	6.5	31.3
Education
Iliterate	15,528	1,049	322	727	6.8	28.0
Primary	17,899	1,190	429	762	6.7	23.7
Middle	21,040	1,335	440	895	6.3	23.6
Secondary	25,110	1,569	565	1,004	6.2	20.0
Higher secondary	38,538	1,983	662	1,321	5.1	17.0
Household size
<5	28,009	1,707	548	1,159	6.1	31.5
(5‐7)	18,304	1,126	381	746	6.2	14.4
8+	15,971	1,043	400	643	6.5	6.7
Monthly Per‐Capita Expenditure Quintiles
Lowest	9,325	353	59	295	3.8	15.5
Lower	13,546	620	140	480	4.6	19.4
Middle	17,508	895	227	668	5.1	22.9
Higher	23,102	1,336	387	949	5.8	25.2
Highest	4,4359	3,448	1,420	2,028	7.8	30.1
Social groups
General	28,516	1,740	609	1,131	6.1	22.0
Other Backward Classes	20,251	1,304	446	858	6.4	24.6
Scheduled Castes	17,314	1,099	321	778	6.4	25.6
Scheduled Tribes	15,069	659	203	456	4.4	18.3
Religion
Hinduism	21,403	1,315	438	877	6.1	23.7
Islam	19,416	1,169	370	799	6.0	21.8
Christianity	28,933	1,884	821	1,063	6.5	22.2
Other	31,147	2,147	786	1,361	6.9	23.6
Household landholding
No land	2,3906	1,481	469	1,011	6.2	24.9
Up to 1 hectare	21,081	1,298	446	852	6.2	24.2
Up to 2 hectares	17,814	1,102	350	752	6.2	19.1
More than 2 hectares	21,934	1,349	489	860	6.1	16.5
Dwelling unit
Owned	19,850	1,294	431	863	6.5	24.3
Others	34,871	1,612	567	1,045	4.6	19.0
India	21,567	1,331	447	884	6.2	23.4
Sample size	101,651	101,651	101,651	101,651	101,651	23,825

Abbreviations: PCE, per‐capita consumption expenditure; PHS, per‐capita household health spending; PIHS, per‐capita institutional household health spending; PNHS, per‐capita noninstitutional household health spending; HHS, household health spending; CHS, catastrophic health spending (exceeding 40% of household's capacity to pay).

^aIncludes all cases.