TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of the included and excluded participants (n = 1,391)
| Characteristica | Included (n = 1,107) | Excluded (n = 284) | P valueb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) BMI (kg/m2) | 22.1 (2.8) | 22.4 (2.9) | 0.126 |
| Mean (SD) maternal age (yrs) | 25.1 (6.1) | 24.2 (6.6) | 0.025 |
| Mean (SD) maternal education, completed years of school (yrs) | 3.9 (3.4) | 4.5 (3.7) | 0.049 |
| Mean (SD) socioeconomic score | −0.05 (0.9) | 0.30 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Proportion of primiparous women (%) | 29.6 | 20.1 | 0.001 |
| Proportion of women with a low BMI (%)c | 4.1 | 5.7 | 0.367 |
| Proportion of women with a positive HIV test (%) | 12.2 | 13.9 | 0.591 |
| Proportion of women with a positive malaria test (RDT) (%) | 22.4 | 23.5 | 0.749 |
a
SD, standard deviation; BMI, body-mass index; RDT, rapid diagnostic test.
b
P value obtained from ANOVA (comparison of means) or Fisher's exact test (comparison of proportions).
c
A low BMI was defined as <18.5 kg/m2.