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. 2018 Feb 28;9:371. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00371

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Copyright © 2018 Wang, Liu, Hou, Yang, Dong, Qi and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Abnormal germinal center (GC) structure and somatic hypermutation (SHM) in Pten^fl/fl Cγ1^Cre/+ mice. (A) Representative flow cytometry analysis of GC light zone (LZ) and dark zone (DZ) splenocytes from Pten^+/+ Cγ1^Cre/+ and Pten^fl/fl Cγ1^Cre/+ mice at day 7 after SRBC immunization. Data were given from one representative of at least two independent experiments (n = 4 for each group). The cells were pregated in GCBs. (B) The statistical quantification of the flow cytometry data of LZ (left) and DZ (right) splenocytes as shown in (A). Each symbol represents an individual animal (four mice for each group). The data represent the mean ± SD. Two-tailed t-tests were performed for statistical comparisons. (C) Representative flow cytometry analysis of GC LZ and DZ from Pten^+/+ Cγ1^Cre/+ and Pten^fl/fl Cγ1^Cre/+ mice at day 14 after VLP injection (left). Statistical comparison for LZ (middle) and DZ (right) cells percentage of total GCBs was also shown. The data represent the mean ± SD of six mice per group in three independent experiments. Two-tailed t tests were performed for statistical comparisons. (D) The affinity maturation of the NP-specific IgM, IgG1, IgG2b, and IgG3 antibodies in Pten^+/+ Cγ1^Cre/+ versus Pten^fl/fl Cγ1^Cre/+ mice as determined by the ratio NP8/NP30. The data represent the median ± interquartile range from three independent experiments with six mice per group at the indicated time point and were analyzed with Kruskal–Wallis test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.