Table 3.
Commitment device and student paycheck results.
| Outcome | Paycheck (1) | Paycheck (2) | Met goal (3) | Paycheck (4) | Paycheck (5) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opt-in | 0.393 (−1.648, 2.434) | 0.396 (−1.909, 2.701) | 0.018 (−0.044, 0.080) | ||
| Opt-out | −0.096 (−2.109, 1.916) | 0.608 (−1.772, 2.988) | 0.002 (−0.059, 0.062) | ||
| Take-up CD × Opt-in | 1.130 (−4.495, 6.754) | ||||
| Take-up CD × Opt-out | −0.189 (−3.908, 3.531) | −0.833 (−4.8, 3.135) | |||
| Analysis | ITT | ITT | ITT | TOT | TOT |
| Excluded | Did not want to set paycheck goal | Control group | |||
| N | 1,193 | 900 | 1,178 | 1,193 | 788 |
| Coefficients | $ | $ | Margins | $ | $ |
*p < 0.1; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01.
95% Confidence Intervals are given in parenthesis. All models control for homeroom, average pre-treatment paycheck, and pre-treatment math grade. “Take-up CD” variables in model 4 and 5 are instrumented using condition assignment (CD = commitment device). The sample size reduction in model 3 is due to strata that were excluded due to perfect prediction.