| 3DUS | three-dimensional ultrasound |
| CBCT | cone beam computed tomography |
| CDSS | clinical decision support system |
| COIN | conformity index |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CTV | clinical target volume |
| DVH | dose volume histogram |
| eNAL | extended no-action limit |
| ERB | endorectal balloon |
| Gy | Gray |
| Gy(E) | isoeffective Gray equivalent |
| ICRU | international commission on radiation units and measurements |
| IGRT | image-guided radiotherapy |
| IMPT | intensity-modulated proton therapy |
| IMRT | intensity-modulated radiotherapy |
| IRS | implantable rectal spacer |
| LET | linear energy transfer |
| MV | Megavolt |
| NTCP | normal tissue complication probability |
| OAR | organ at risk |
| P-EBRT | proton external beam radiotherapy |
| PSPT | passive scattered proton therapy |
| PTV | planning target volume |
| QUANTEC | quantitative analyses of clinical normal tissue effects criteria |
| RBE | relative biological effectiveness |
| ROCOCO | radiation oncology collaborative comparison |
| TCP | tumor control probability |
| TP | treatment planning |
| VMAT | volumetric arc therapy |
| X-EBRT | photon external beam radiotherapy |