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. 2018 Feb 21;18(2):1–160.

Table 21:

Base Case Analysis

Intervention Average Total Costs, $ Average Total Effects, QALYs Average Total Effects, LYs Incremental Cost,a $ Incremental Effect,b QALYs Incremental Effect, LYs ICER $/QALY ICER $/LY
Standalone CGM Plus Multiple Daily Injections vs. SMBG Plus Multiple Daily Injections
SMBG + MDI 125,586 18.812 26.411          
CGM + MDI 229,413 18.906 26.520 103,827 0.094 0.109 1,108,812 951,152
Sensor-Augmented Pump vs. SMBG Plus Multiple Daily Injectionsc
SMBG + MDI 125,586 18.812 26.411          
SAP 258,306 18.944 26.564 132,720 0.132 0.153 1,007,909 868,881
Standalone CGM Plus Insulin Pump vs. SMBG Plus Insulin Pump
SMBG + insulin pump 177,320 18.812 26.411          
CGM + insulin pump 257,947 18.916 26.531 80,627 0.104 0.121 778,687 669,059
Sensor-Augmented Pump vs. SMBG Plus Insulin Pump
SMBG + insulin pump 177,320 18.812 26.411          
SAP 258,373 18.949 26.570 81,052 0.137 0.159 592,206 510,755

Abbreviations: CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; ICER, incremental cost effectiveness ratio; LY, life-year; MDI, multiple daily injections; QALY, quality-adjusted life year; SAP, sensor-augmented pump; SMBG, self-monitoring of blood glucose.

a

Incremental cost = average cost (strategy B) - average cost (strategy A); Costs include all components of direct medical costs without accounting for government funding of insulin treatment, insulin pump, and blood glucose test strips

b

Incremental effect = average effect (strategy B) - average effect (strategy A).

c

Difference in outcomes between sensor-augmented pump and self-monitoring of blood glucose plus multiple daily injections was owing to a difference in the relative risk of diabetes complications.