Table 21:

Base Case Analysis

Intervention	Average Total Costs, $	Average Total Effects, QALYs	Average Total Effects, LYs	Incremental Cost,a $	Incremental Effect,b QALYs	Incremental Effect, LYs	ICER $/QALY	ICER $/LY
Standalone CGM Plus Multiple Daily Injections vs. SMBG Plus Multiple Daily Injections
SMBG + MDI	125,586	18.812	26.411
CGM + MDI	229,413	18.906	26.520	103,827	0.094	0.109	1,108,812	951,152
Sensor-Augmented Pump vs. SMBG Plus Multiple Daily Injectionsc
SMBG + MDI	125,586	18.812	26.411
SAP	258,306	18.944	26.564	132,720	0.132	0.153	1,007,909	868,881
Standalone CGM Plus Insulin Pump vs. SMBG Plus Insulin Pump
SMBG + insulin pump	177,320	18.812	26.411
CGM + insulin pump	257,947	18.916	26.531	80,627	0.104	0.121	778,687	669,059
Sensor-Augmented Pump vs. SMBG Plus Insulin Pump
SMBG + insulin pump	177,320	18.812	26.411
SAP	258,373	18.949	26.570	81,052	0.137	0.159	592,206	510,755

Abbreviations: CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; ICER, incremental cost effectiveness ratio; LY, life-year; MDI, multiple daily injections; QALY, quality-adjusted life year; SAP, sensor-augmented pump; SMBG, self-monitoring of blood glucose.

^aIncremental cost = average cost (strategy B) - average cost (strategy A); Costs include all components of direct medical costs without accounting for government funding of insulin treatment, insulin pump, and blood glucose test strips

^bIncremental effect = average effect (strategy B) - average effect (strategy A).

^cDifference in outcomes between sensor-augmented pump and self-monitoring of blood glucose plus multiple daily injections was owing to a difference in the relative risk of diabetes complications.